212 INFLAMMATION 



I. Substances negatively chemotactic or indifferent : 

 (a) Concentrated solutions of sodium and potassium salts; 

 (6) Lactic acid in all concentrations ; (c) quinine 

 (0.5 per cent.) ; (d) alcohol (10 per cent.) ; (e) chloro- 

 form in watery solution ; (/) jequirity (2 per cent., 

 passed through Chamberlaud filter) ; (</) glycerine 

 (10 per cent, to 1 per cent); (A) bile; (t) B. cholerce 

 yallinarium. 

 II. Substances with feeble chemotaxis : 



(a) Distilled water ; (6) dilute solutions of sodium and 

 potassium salts (1-0.1 per cent.) ; (c) phenol ; (d) 

 antipyrin ; (e) phloridzin ; (/) papayotin (in frog) ; 

 ( 9) glycogen ; (h) peptone ; (i) bouillon ; (j) blood 

 and aqueous humor ; (k) carmine. 

 III. Substances with strong positive chemotaxis : 



(a) Papayotin (in rabbits) ; (6) sterilized living cultures 



of bacteria, whether pathogenic or non-pathogenic. 

 These results can only be considered as suggestive and not 

 as accurate findings, in view of other contradictory results. 

 Buchner * obtained from the pneumobacillus of Friedlander, a 

 proteid which exerted a strong chemotactic influence, thus 

 showing the chemical nature of the attraction of leucocytes by 

 bacteria, and he isolated other similar proteids from other bac- 

 teria. He also obtained a " glutin-casein " from grain which 

 was related chemically to the bacterial proteids, and which was 

 equally chemotactic. The metabolic products of bacteria, how- 

 ever, he found to be negatively chemotactic. Alkali albuminate 

 and hemi-albumose were strongly positive, but peptone was not. 

 Glycocoll, and leucin were found to be chemotactic, but urea, 

 ammonium urate, skatol, tyrosin, and trimethylamin were not. 

 It was also observed that if the positively chemotactic substances 

 were injected subcutaneously, they produced general as well as 

 local leucocytosis. 



v. Sicherer 2 found that chemotaxis of leucocytes may be ob- 

 served outside the body. If a tube containing positively chemo- 

 tactic substances (dead beer-yeast cells and dead staphylococci 

 were the strongest) is placed with one end in a leucocyte-con- 

 taining exudate, the leucocytes pass up into it against gravity. 



Bloch 3 demonstrated that carbol-glycerine extracts made 

 from each of the different viscera and tissues exerted a positive 

 chemotaxis, discrediting the statements of Goldscheider and 



1 Berl. klin. Wochenschr., 1890 (27), 1084. 



2 Cent. f. Bakt.,1899 (26), 360. 



3 Cent. f. allg. Path., 1896 (7), 785. 



