214 INFLAMMATION 



Particularly significant is the experiment of Reckzeh, 1 who 

 found that in lymphatic leukemia, with the lymphocytes greatly 

 exceeding the polymorphonuclear forms in the blood, the pus 

 from an acne pustule or from cantharides blisters contains prac- 

 tically no lymphocytes, but is composed of the usual polynuclear 

 forms. Wolff, 2 however, claims that tetanus and diphtheria 

 toxin produce lymphocytosis in experimental animals. Wlassow 

 and Sepp 3 state that lymphocytes are not capable of ameboid 

 movement or phagocytosis in the body, although after heating 

 to 44 they may become motile for a short time. 



Experiments on the nature of the leucocytes attracted by dif- 

 ferent chemotactic agents have been made by Borissow 4 and 

 Adler. 5 Both agree in stating that none of the substances tested 

 shows any special affinity for any single type of leucocytes. 

 Usually the polymorphonuclear cells in exudates far exceeded 

 their proportion in the circulating blood. Tissue cells were 

 found by Adler to migrate far into blocks of elder pith, appar- 

 ently rather later than the leucocytes. As they showed changes 

 of form indicating ameboid motions he considers their migra- 

 tion to be an active process. The existence of the polymor- 

 phonuclear forms in the pith seems to be very transient. 



The position taken by the young blood-vessels and cells in 

 granulation tissue, at right angles to the surface, possibly also 

 depends on chemotaxis determining the direction in which the 

 new cells shall proliferate. 



Thermotaxis of I/eucocytes. Heat seems to affect leu- 

 cocytes much as it does ameba, moderate temperatures being 

 positively thermotactic. Mendelssohn 6 states that the thermo- 

 taxis is most pronounced at a temperature of 36-39 C. 

 (97-102 F.), but is still marked as low as 20 C. Tem- 

 peratures higher than 39 C. (102 F.) do not seem to attract 

 them. Wlassow and Sepp 7 state that motility of leucocytes is 

 increased by warming to 40 C., and that temperature of 42 

 -46 C. causes the movements to become very irregular, with 

 feeble power of contraction. Lymphocytes are not motile at 

 ordinary temperature, but at 44 they begin to move, and once 

 motile, they continue their motion when cooled as low as 35 ; 

 this motility is considered to be entirely abnormal and only the 

 result of degenerative changes. 



Temperature probably plays but a minor part in attracting 



1 Zeit. f. klin. Med., 1903 (50), 51. 2 Berl. klin. Woch., 1904 (41), 1273. 

 3 Virchow's Arch., 1904 (176), 185. 4 Ziegler's Beitrage, 1894 (16), 432. 



5 Festschrift f. A. Jacobi, New York, 1900. 



6 Koussky Vratch, 1903. 7 Virchow's Archiv, 1904 (176), 185. 



