COMPOSITE 23 



lanceolate; Switzerland, Tirol, Vosges, Jura, Salzburg, 

 rare. C. acanthifolia, All. ; nearly stemless, capitule soli- 

 tary, very large, leaves tomentose beneath, very spiny; 

 Dauphiny, Pyrenees. 



37. ARCTIUM, L. 



Capitules globose ; involucral bracts with long spread- 

 ing stiff hooked tips ; leaves very large, simple. Not 

 alpine. 



A. majus } Schk. (Lappa major, Gaertn., L. officinalis, 

 All.), Greater Burdock; and A. minus, Schk. (Lappa 

 minor, DC.), Smaller Burdock; very common. A. tomen- 

 tosum, Schk. ; capitules strongly webbed, smaller and 

 more numerous; at higher elevations. A. nemorosum, 

 Lge. (intermedium, Rchb.); capitules webbed, lower 

 leaves coarsely toothed ; woods. 



38. XERANTHEMUM, Tourn. 



Flowers purple, outer sterile, with a bi-labiate corolla ; 

 involucral scales unarmed ; stamens with completely free 

 filaments. Not alpine. 



X. inapertmn, Willd. (erectum, Pr.) ; inner involucral 

 bracts expanded only in the sunshine, leaves tomentose ; 

 dry; Southern Switzerland. 



39. SERRATULA, DC. 



Flowers purple or white; capitules solitary or nume- 

 rous; involucral bracts unarmed; anther-cells not tailed; 

 pappus-hairs rigid. 



