24 THE FLORA OF THE ALPS 



A. Involucral bracts lacerated, or with a broad mem- 

 branous appendage ; leaves tomentose (Rhaponticum, 

 DC.) : S. Rkaponticum, DC. (R. scariosum. Lam.) ; capi- 

 tule large, solitary, appendages of bracts ciliate, stem ij- 

 2 ft., leafy below, naked above ; Valais, Dauphiny, rare. 

 6". heleniifolia, G. and G. ; capitules solitary or several, 

 stem 3-4 ft., leafy throughout, involucral appendages not 

 ciliate, stem-leaves often lyrate ; high, local. S. cynaroi- 

 deSj DC. ; capitules very large, usually solitary, involucral 

 scales lacerated, stem about 3 ft., leafy ; Pyrenees. 



B. Involucral leaves not appendaged; leaves nearly 

 glabrous : 5. tinctoria, L., Saw- Wort ; capitules small, 

 numerous, oval, often unisexual, involucral bracts rigid, 

 strongly ciliate, stem-leaves usually lyrate - pinnatifid ; 

 thickets, frequent. vS". Vulpii, Fisch., alpina (van), G. and 

 G. ; and monticola^ Bor., are mountain forms of tinctoria, 

 often with only a single capitule. vS. nudicaulis, DC. ; 

 capitule large (up to I in.), solitary, bisexual, upper part 

 of stem leafless, radical and uppermost leaves entire, 

 intermediate serrate; Saleve, Piedmont, Dauphiny. 5. 

 heterophylla y Desf. ; resembling the last, but stem leafy 

 throughout, lower stem -leaves pinnatifid at the base; 

 Dauphiny. 



40. CRUPINA, Cass. 



Resembling Serratula, but outer flowers of capitule 

 sterile; inner row of pappus-hairs reduced to scales. 

 Not alpine. 



C. vulgaris, Cass. ; flowers 3-5 in a capitule, purple, 

 stem-leaves pinnatifid, with linear toothed segments, 

 stony places ; Western Switzerland. 



