192 THE FLORA OF THE ALPS 



in meadows ; elatior, L. (arundinacea, Schreb.), by water; 

 gigantea, Vill., in damp woods; ovtna, L. (including 

 duriuscula, L., rubra, L., and valesiaca, Schl.), in hilly 

 woods and sub-alpine pastures ; sylvatica } Vill., in woods. 

 Also the following annual species : F. Myuros, L. ( Vulpia 

 Myuros, Rchb., including ciliata, \J&.,pseudo-myuros y Koch, 

 and sciuroideS) Roth) ; flowering glumes with slender 

 awns, stamens 1-3; sandy places; and F. rigida, Kunth 

 (Sclerochloa rigida, Lk.), a small, very rigid plant ; walls 

 and dry places. 



The following are more or less alpine : 



A. Stem thickened and bulb -like at the base: F. 

 spadicea, L. ; spikes brownish-yellow ; high alpine pas- 

 tures in the South. 



B. Leaves more or less folded ; ligule lobed at the 

 base ; csespitose : F. amethystina, L. ; panicle lax, often 

 blue, leaves filiform ; rare ; Switzerland, Tirol, Salzburg. 

 F. alpina, Sut. ; stem 3-5 in., flowers often replaced by 

 buds ; high ; Switzerland, Dauphiny. F. Halleri, Vill. 

 (Gaudini, Kunth); panicle small, denser, often violet; 

 high elevations in the South, also Bale, Jura. 



C. Stem-leaves flat ; ligule lobed at the base ; csespi- 

 tose : F. heterophylla, Lam. (including nigrescens. Lam.); 

 leaves very long, panicle loose, drooping; wood -sides. 

 P. violacea. Gaud. ; panicle spike-like, dark violet, leaves 

 capillary; high, frequent. 



D. Leaves setaceous ; ligule not lobed : F. pilosa, 

 Hall. ; spikelets bearded, 3-5 -flowered ; pastures, local. 

 F. Brenneri, F. and H. ; spikelets bearded, 6-8-flowered ; 

 Tirol, rare. F.flavescens, Bell; panicle spike-like, nod- 

 ding, spikelets 3-5 -flowered, glume notawned; Carinthia, 

 Carniola, Dauphiny. F. pumila, Chaix; panicle race- 



