APPLICATION OF STEAM TO AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES. 55 



The engines are locomotive, and can be used at any time for thrashing, 

 sawing, stone-breaking, &c. 



The following are estimates of the expense of Fowler's steam cultivat- 

 ing apparatus : 



Estimate of 10-Horse Pmver Single-Engine Tackle. 



10-horse power engine, .550 



6-disc anchor, 55 



4-furrow plough, 97 



7-tine cultivator, 70 



800 yards steel rope, 84 



Twenty rope-porters, ...... 25 



Extra wearing parts, . . . . . . 25 



Water-cart, 25 



Total, . . . 931 



Some purchasers have not bought a cultivator, but take the mould- 

 boards from the plough, and put tines in their stead. This answers the 

 same purpose, but the time wasted in the removal of the one and the 

 fixing of the other is considerable, and it is therefore advisable to pro- 

 cure both. 



The following is an estimate of Fowler's 10-horse power double-engine 

 tackle : 



Two 10-horse power engines, .... ,1100 



One 4-furrow plough, . . . ... 80 



One 7-tine cultivator, ..... 60 



800 yards steel rope, ' 84 



Ten rope-porters, . .".':' : . ;: . 10 



Extra wearing parts, ....... 25 



Water-cart, . . A,.^i" .... 25 



Total, . . . 1384 



The Messrs Howard of Bedford also construct two sets of steam 

 cultivating apparatus, one with a single engine and the other with two 

 engines. In the single-engine system, the engine is made the same as 

 the common portable steam-engines, only the boilers are larger and 

 stronger, and capable of being worked at a higher pressure than the 

 common portable engine. They are worked with double cylinders. There 

 is no winding-drum for the rope attached, as in the case of the Messrs 

 Fowler's. For this purpose there is a patent windlass, which consists of 

 winding-drums revolving on an axle, with wheels attached, and thus it 

 can be moved about to any place ; and when the apparatus is at work, 

 there is a simple process with a lever movement, which, when anything 

 goes wrong, the winding of the rope can be immediately stopped. This 



