172 



THE BOOK OF THE LANDED ESTATE. 



FIG. 54. 



plied for 21s. each. Turnstiles or wickets are made of wood or iron, 

 and are made in different forms. The form I have usually adopted for 

 common fences is as shown in fig. 54, and is the same as described 

 in the ' Forester ' at page 123, where it is stated : " The opening 

 in the fence, from a to a, may be about four feet wide ; the angular 

 part of the wicket, ace, may be about three feet wide between e and e, 



and may be made up with any con- 

 venient sort of wood according to 

 taste ; observing to have a post upon 

 each of the extremities, and one at 

 e upon each side, in order that the 

 wicket a d may hit upon one as it 

 folds to either side in the act of 

 opening or shutting." 

 I have also used another form of stile, which I first observed on Major 

 Stapylton's estate of Myton Hall, having been erected by Mr Calder, 

 the energetic agent there. Fig. 55 shows the position of it when closed, 

 and fig. 56 the position of it when open. 



It will be seen, from the transverse section of the left-hand post, 

 that it is mortised nearly from the position of the upper rail to that of 



FIG. 55, 



the lower rail : this is to allow of the rails working freely in the mor- 

 tise, a a a shows the same post described in its different positions ; 

 b b b shows the right-hand post. It also is mortised in the same way, 

 and the rails are hinged on to it with iron bolts, as shown at c c c c. The 

 lower rail is made a fixture. The post e is made in different parts, the 

 lower part being fixed into the ground in the usual way, and made long 



