376 THE BOOK OF THE LANDED ESTATE. 



In the lower levels arid hollows of this enclosure the soil is a light 

 loam, with a similar subsoil. 



State of the Enclosure previous to Planting. Previous to being 

 planted, this enclosure was covered with heath of from three to six 

 inches in height. Some portions of the enclosure were wet, especially 

 in the hollows. 



Fencing. Before planting the district under notice, it was enclosed 

 on one side by a stone wall, which formed the boundary of some 

 adjoining fields. Part of the other sides was fenced with wire, using 

 wooden posts and six wires deep, the same as described under the 

 chapter on Fencing. A portion of one side was enclosed with a dry- 

 stone wall five feet high, and the copestones laid on with lime. A 

 small portion has also been enclosed by a turf wall, with two wires on 

 wooden posts on the top. 



Draining. The drainage of this enclosure has not been completed. 

 What has been done has been dried by open cuts made as described in 

 reference to the other plantations already mentioned. 



The Kinds of Trees used. Over the greater portion of this enclosure, 

 with the soil a light sandy peat, we planted Scots pine at about ten and 

 a half feet apart, and filled up with larch to three and a half feet apart. 

 In the hollows we planted sycamore at sixteen feet asunder, and mixed 

 Scots pine and a few spruce amongst them at a distance of eight feet, 

 filling up with larch to four feet apart over all. 



The ages of the different kinds of trees used were as follows :' 



Larch, one-year seedling one year transplanted. 

 Scots pine, one year bedded one year transplanted. 

 Spruce, twelve to fifteen inches high. 

 Sycamore, eighteen inches high. 



The Mode of Planting adopted. All the trees were planted in pits. 

 These pits were made in the following manner : One set of men went 

 first and took off a thin turf from the top about fourteen inches square. 

 This, was laid to one side ; then the soil was taken out down to the pan 

 and laid to the opposite side of the pit. The first set of men pro- 

 ceeded on in this way, and behind them came more men with common 

 picks, with which they picked up and opened out the pan and subsoil 

 in the bottom of the pit, also sending down the picks into the sides of 

 the pit. The picks were sent down and turned into the sides of the pits 

 through the pan. This broke the pan over a greater surface than by 

 merely taking it down with the square of the pit. 



The plants were inserted into the centre of the pit and fixed there, and 

 the turf was laid on the top with its natural surface down, excepting in 



