WOODS AND PLANTATIONS. 417 



n n, fig. 121.) Those beams are fastened to the frames placed above the 

 fore and aft axles by means of strong iron bolts, which can be unscrewed 

 as occasion may require ; and, placed upon those horizontal beams, again, 

 are two others (see ground-plan at o o), into which the jack-screws are 

 placed. The screws are also shown in their working state in side eleva- 

 tion d d, with their cross-handles for turning, e e, fig. 120. On the under 

 part of those jack-screws, as passed through the cross beams, are attached 

 the strong chains by means of which the tree is principally taken out of 

 its place (see p p) ; and, as an assistant to them, there are side chains 

 attached to strong iron rings fixed upon the beams (see //). Those side 

 chains are made to act along with the others attached to the screws, and 

 are also found necessary to retain the weight of the tree and its ball of 

 earth during the reversing of the screws for a new hold. The horizontal 

 planks upon which the ball of earth rests, supported by the chains, are 

 shown on side elevation at g ; and the two cross planks, which are placed 

 upon the horizontal ones for the better support of the ball, are also shown 

 at h h. Those planks require to be made of the best oak wood, not less 

 than four inches thick. 



" Having now given a brief description of the construction of the 

 machine as I examined it upon the spot, it remains to be stated how the 

 operation of transplanting a large tree is accomplished by it. 



" The work of transplanting a tree, with the machine above referred to, 

 is perfectly simple and easily understood ; and in describing it I could 

 not do better than lay before my readers the manner of proceeding as 

 detailed by Mr Marnock, who was editor of the Journal formerly referred 

 to, who visited Kingston Hall, and saw the work performed. In the 

 Journal of the 22d December 1849 he writes thus : ' In our last week's 

 number we stated that we had seen some elm-trees at Kingston Hall, 

 the seat of Edward Strutt, Esq., carried by the machine then repre- 

 sented, and replanted in another situation about three-quarters of a mile 

 from the place where they had stood and grown for upwards of thirty 

 years. We further stated that these trees were forty feet in height, and 

 weighed each, including the ball of earth and the machine, upwards of 

 ten tons, and that they were drawn by nine horses. We shall now, there- 

 fore, give the following details as to how this was accomplished. The 

 trees to which we now allude were growing on the outskirt of a wood. 

 The ground around the tree was cleared, and at four and a half feet 

 from the stem of the tree a circular cutting was made to the depth of 

 about three and a half or four feet, and about two and a half feet in 

 width. This done, then on the most open side of the tree a sloped cutting 

 was made, from the surface of the ground to^the bottom of what may 

 now be called the ball of earth, and a similar sloped opening was made on 



2 D 



