494 APPENDIX. 



PLATE II. 



This is a design for a labourer's cottage, which contains a room, kitchen, and 

 scullery on the ground-plan, with three bedrooms in the chamber-plan, and 

 which are of the following sizes : 



a Porch. 



6 Storeroom, 12 feet by 10 feet. 

 c Room, 14 feet by 12 feet. 

 d Kitchen or scullery, 12 feet by 8 feet 9 inches. 

 e Closet. 



/ Stair, 3 feet wide. 

 g Bedroom, 14 feet by 12 feet. 

 h do. 12 feet by 10 feet. 

 i do. 12 feet by 8 feet 9 inches. 



There is a back-door leading to the premises behind, which are not shown, 

 as these must be made different if a single cottage is built, or if two are built 

 together. 



The height of the rooms on the ground-floor will be nine feet, and the same 

 on the chamber-floor. 



The cost of the construction .of a pair of these cottages will of course vary 

 much with the locality in which they are erected ; but taking them under 

 ordinary circumstances, and built of stone, they will cost 350 per pair. 



This style of cottage would look well for an entrance-gate. 



PLATE III. 



The great difficulty experienced in working the ordinary traction-engine on 

 common roads is, that in going either up or down steep inclines, the water in 

 the boiler gets displaced, and has a destructive effect upon certain works in 

 the engine. Thus, in going down an incline, the crown of the fire-box is 

 exposed to the heat of the fire, and this strong heat gradually destroys it. 

 Again, when the engine is ascending an incline, the water falls back into a 

 space where the great part of the steam is generated, thus preventing it from 

 being made. This state of things is not only injurious to an engine when 

 used as a traction, but it is highly more so on an engine used in ploughing, 

 when it perhaps may be slowly moving up or down an incline for many hours 

 together. I have observed this injurious effect on an engine when ploughing 

 on an incline of 1 in 12, where the difference in the boiler-level was ten 

 inches. 



To avoid this, the Messrs Howard of Bedford have brought out a new 

 ploughing and traction machine, an engraving of which is given in Plate III. 



