BUTTERWORT 45 



stands above the stamens. The relative positions of the parts is 

 shown in Fig. 13, B, which represents a flower cut in half length- 

 wise. The flower is visited by bees, which on creeping into the 

 flower in search of the nectar will first come in contact with the 

 stigma and then get dusted with pollen. Cross-pollination thus 

 results on the insect going to another flower. 



The ovary has a single cavity, and bears numerous ovules on a 



ABC 



FIG. 13. A, Flower of the Butterwort ; B, flower cut in half lengthwise ; C, fruit 

 opening to liberate the seeds. 



globular placenta projecting from its base. The dry fruit opens 

 by splitting into two halves to liberate the seeds (Fig. 13, C). 



The Butterwort, like the Sundew, grows on from year to year, 

 and passes the winter in the form of a large yellowish-green winter 

 bud developed from the apex of the plant at the end of the summer. 

 This in spring develops roots, and unfolds as the shoot of the new 

 plant. 



THE GOAT WILLOW (Salix Caprea, L.) 



The plants which will be described in the remainder of this 

 chapter are all trees or shrubs. In these woody plants the system 

 of shoots remains, and grows further year after year, the stems 

 and roots increase in thickness annually, and the surface becomes 

 covered with a protective layer of cork, and later in the trunk and 

 larger branches with bark. These and other peculiarities of woody 

 plants are dealt with in another section of this work. Only the 

 features of the particular plants selected will be considered here. 



There are a large number of different kinds of Willow to be 



