228 



THE BOOK OF NATURE STUDY 



Cabbage, buds of, iii. 45 ; seed 



of, v. 114 ; varieties of, v. 



17,130-132 ; sprouts, varieties 



of, v. 132. 

 Cacti, iii. 51, v. 9. 

 Cactuses of American deserts, 



vi. 34. 

 Caddis fly, breathing organs of, 



ii. 112 ; cases, ii. 112, 194 ; 



larva} of, ii. no, 112 ; 



nymph of, ii. 113; pupa of, 



ii. 194 ; ii. 109, 113, 194, 195, 



198 ; eggs of, ii. 114. 

 Calcareous purse sponge, ii. 



178 ; soils, v. 216 ; plants of, 



v. 216, 217 ; pests of, v. 216. 

 Caledonia, iv. 144. 

 Calluna, iv. 190 ; vulgaris, iv. 



13. 14- 



Camomile, v. 15. 

 Campanula, iii. 32, 170 ; 



effect of light on, iii. 58 ; 



nettle-leaved, iii. 32 : per- 



sicifolia, var. Grandiflora, v. 



171. 



Campion, v. 84. 

 Canadian waterweed, ii. 89. 

 Canariensis, v. 178, 179. 

 Candytuft, y. 169, 179. 

 Cane-sugar, iii. 29. 

 Canterbury Bells, v. 169. 

 Capercailzie, ii. 210. 

 Caprella, ii. 151. 

 Caprifoliacece, iv. 69. 

 Capsella bursa-pastoris, iii. 212. 

 Carapace of crab, ii. 147. 

 Carbohydrates, v. 126. 

 Carbon assimilation, iii. 47; 



dioxide, iii. 49, 50. 

 Carcinus mcenas, ii. 128, 145, 



171, 181. 

 Cardamine pratensis, iii. 120, 



188, v. 48, 49- 

 Carder-bee, ii. 204. 

 Cardium, ii. 170. 

 Carex, v. 34, 63 ; arenaria, v. 



6 ; pendula, iv. 194 ; pseudo- 



cyperus, v. 38. 

 Carices, iv. 202, v. 36. 

 Carnation grass, v. 217. 

 Carnations, iii. 71 ; layering 



of, v. 123. 



Carnivorous buckies, ii. 170. 

 Carp, ii. 197. 

 Carpet shell, exhalant siphon 



of, ii. 140 ; foot of, ii. 140. 

 Carrot, iii. 29, 32, 50, v. 80, 



130 ; history and cultivation 



of, v. 135-137 ; original 



home of, v. 17 ; seed of, 



v. 114 ; varieties of, v. 



137 ; wild, v. 135, 215. 

 Caryophyllacea?, v. 14. 

 Cassava cakes, v. 83. 

 Castor-oil plant, v. 83. 

 Cat, tree-climbing, i. 67. 

 Caterpillars, i. 186 ; to destroy, 



v. 184 ; of winter moth, v. 



184- 



Catfish, i. 141. 

 Cathartic Flax, v. 67. 

 Cats, i. 21 ; various breeds of, 



i. 59- 

 Catkins, iii. 81, iv. 46, 47, 



48, 147, 160, v. 46. 



Cattle, varieties of, i. 39. 

 Cauliflower, varieties of, v. 



17, 130, 131. 

 Celandine, v. 16, 27 ; Lesser, 



iii. 70, 90, iv. 68, 69. 

 Celery, cultivation of, v. 142. 

 Cell- walls, iii. 23. 

 Cellar-slug, ii. 53. 

 Centaur ea montana, v. 171 ; 



nigra, v. 61. 

 Centaury, v. 7, iv. 158. 

 Centipede, ii. 14, 35, 215, iv. 



154 ; eggs of, ii. 36. 

 Central Pacific Railway, snow- 

 fall of, vi. 41. 

 Centrum, i. 22. 

 Ceratpphyllum, ii. 90, 92. 

 Certhia familiaris, ii. 210. 

 Cervus dama, ii. 213 ; elaphus, 



ii. 213. 



Chaetopod worms, ii. 199. 

 Cha?topods, ii. 188, 200. 

 Chalk, v. 19 ; economic uses of, 



vi. 205. 



Chamomile, v. 7. 

 Chara, ii. 82, v. 28, 29. 

 Characteristics of different 



soils, v. 208-218. 

 Charlock, iii. 212, iv. 68, 69, 



76, v. 78 ; life history of, iii. 



209 ; flowering branch figured, 



iii. 210 ; fruit figured, iii. 



212. 



Chat or click, ii. 202. 

 Cheek-teeth, i. 21. 

 Chenopodiacea?, v. 13, 138. 

 Cherries, propagation of, v. 160 ; 



varieties of, v. 148, 151. 

 Cherry, iv. 77, 172. 

 Chickweed, y. 85, 86, 217 ; 



common, iii. 74 ; figured, iii. 



74- 



Chicory, v. 86, 216. 

 Chironomus, ii. 19, 25, 117 ; 



diagram of larva and pupa, 



ii. 26 ; eggs of, ii. 25 ; male 



and female antennae figured, 



ii. 27. 



Chiton, ii. 143. 

 Chlorophyll, iii. 49, 50, 51 ; 



development of, iii. 47, 48. 

 Chrysalids, v. 182. 

 Chrysanthemum frutescens, iii. 



52. 



Cicadid, British, ii. 203. 

 Cinclus aquaticus, ii. 196. 

 Cinquefoil, iv. 207. 

 Circle of horizon, radius of, vi. 



52. 



Civilisation of the Mediter- 

 ranean, vi. 38. 

 Cladonia, species of, iv. 138, 



140. 



Clams, ii. 68, 139. 

 Clarkia, v. 169, 179. 

 Classification of leaves, iii. 54 ; 



of soils, v. 79. 



Claw, horny sheath of, i. 27. 

 Clay soils, v. 213. 

 Cleavers, iv. 202. 

 Clematis, iii. 77, 80, iv. 188, 



208, v. 72, 73, 216 ; method 



of climbing, iii. 54. 

 Cliffs, vegetation of, v. 12, 20. 

 Click-beetle, ii. 37. 



Climate, iv. 155; and weather, 

 vi. 8 ; of England, variability 

 of, vi. 32. 



Climatic variations, vi. 3. 



Climbing Nasturtium, v. 178 ; 

 plants, iii. 72, 77, iv. 184. 



ding-fish, i. 147. 



Cloudberry, iv. 195. 



Cloud bursts, in North America, 

 vi. 29. 



Cloud, formation of, vi. 19. 



Cloudlets, vi. 60. 



Cloud sheets, vi. 61. 



Clouds, general principles of, 

 vi. 58, 59, 60 ; kinds of, vi. 

 6 1 ; compared to steam 

 kettle, vi. 3 ; composition of, 

 vi. 5 ; formation of, Figs. 

 22 and 59 ; height of, vi. 3 ; 

 meaning of, vi. 2. 



Cloudy days, comparisons of, 

 vi. 3. 



Clove pink, v. 121. 



Clover, iii. 25, 32, iv. 36, 207, 

 v. n, 58, 60, 64, 78, 79 ; sleep 

 movements, iii. 56 ; structure, 

 v. 58 ; kinds of yellow, v. 58, 

 78. 



Clovers, nature of, v. 58. 



Club-moss, species of, iv. 99. 



Clubmosses, iv. 79, 94, 98, 

 100, 202. 



Coal period forests, iv. 94. 



Cochlearia officinalis, iv. 198, 

 v. 14. 



Cockles, ii. 68, 170, 128. 



Cockroach, anatomy of, 171 

 et seq. ; eggs of, i. 174 ; egg- 

 capsule of, i. 176, 178 ; wings 

 extended, i. 178 ; young of, 

 i. 176. 



Cock-roads, ii. 210. 



Cock's-foot, v. 66 ; grass, v. 

 57. 58. 



Cocoanut crab, ii. 200 ; eggs of, 

 ii. 200. 



Cocoanut, seeds of, and its dis- 

 tribution, v. 50 ; of the 

 Seychelles Islands, v. 50 ; 

 tree, v. 17. 



Cocoons, ii. 211. 



Cod, i. 147, ii. 135. 



Codling moth and caterpillar, 

 v. 159- 



Coelentera, ii. 126, 162-168, 

 179. 



Cold in relation to altitude, vi. 

 20. 



Coleoptera, ii. 29, 195. 



Collecting plants, hints on, iii. 

 no. 



Coloration of mammals, i. 59, 

 65 ; warning, i. 63. 



Colour of plants in spring and 

 autumn, iv. 208 ; of water 

 influenced by vegetation, v. 

 52. 



Colours of setting sun, explana- 

 tion of, vi. 55, 56. 



Colt's-foot, iv. 206, y. 16, 30. 



Columbapalumbus, ii. 210. 



Comb-worms, habits of, ii. 160 ; 

 structure of, ii. 160. 



Commercial geography, vi. 38. 



Common Arum, v. 43. 





