COLORING MATTERS. IO3 



of certain fleshy fruits (e. g. Capsicum) are col- 

 ored red by this substance. Sulphuric acid gives 

 it a very intense blue color, 1 quite characteristic. 

 Fuming nitric acid dissolves chlororufin, while ordi- 

 nary nitric acid does not. This reaction indicates 

 a striking analogy with the chrysoquinone of Lie- 

 bermann. Chlororufin is, perhaps, identical with 

 the solanorubrin of Millardet, 2 and probably is a 

 constituent part of the xanthein of Fremy. 



CAROTIN (Wachenroder, 1832).' 



This substance forms red or yellowish-red crys- 

 talline pigment bodies, without any organized base, 

 in the cells of Daucus Carota. It has also been 

 obtained in the free state. It is easily soluble in 

 benzole, carbon bisulphide and fatty and volatile 

 oils. Ether and alcohol dissolve it with difficulty. 

 Chloroform dissolves it readily; but an aqueous 

 solution of chloral (5 : 2) or acetic acid does not 

 produce any alteration. Sulphuric acid produces 

 a distinct blue color, and chloride of iron gives 

 a greenish color with a solution of this sub- 

 stance. 



1 De Bary: Ber. d. naturf. Ges., Freiburg, 1856, No. 13. 



2 Millardet: Note sur une substance colorante nouvelle, Nancy, 1876. 



3 A. Husemann : Ueber Carotin und Hydrocarotin, Diss., Gottingen, 

 1860. A. Meyer: Das Chlorophyllkorn, 1883, p. 48. Fritsch : Ueber 

 kornige Stoffe des Zellinhaltes, Diss., Konigsberg, 1882, p. 39. Zeise : 

 Jahrb. f. Chemie, XL., p. 297. Berg: Pharmaceutische Waarenkunde, 

 1879- 



