46 THE FLOWER. 



sometimes distinct, but generally cohere by their edges, to a 

 greater or less extent, forming a cup as in the rose, or a tube as 

 in the pink. The calyx is th n said to be monosepalous, a term 

 which must never be literally applied, since no true calyx can 

 consist of merely a single sepal ; when the sepals are not united 

 in any degree, the calyx is said to be polysepalous. 



1 2 3 



97. If the calyx is free, thai 

 is, distinct from the ovary, as 

 in the pink, it is said to be in- 

 ferior, while the ovary is supe- 

 rior; but if the calyx be adhe- 

 rent to the sides of the ovary, 

 so as to appear to grow out of 

 its summit, as in the rose, it is 

 said to be superior. (Fig. 13 ; 



FIG. 13. 3, Ovary, with adherent (superior), ]_ 3 \ 

 persistent calyx; 1, vertical section of the same, 



showing the epigynous (Gr. upon the pistil) sin- 98. In respect to duration, 

 mens ; 2, calyx free (inferior), stamens hypogy- it j caducom when it 'f alls o ff 

 nous (Gr. under the pistil)] 4, stamens on the 



calyx, that is, perigynous ( Gr. arowwd the pistil); as SOOU as the flower is CX- 

 5, stamens on the corolla (perigynous) ; 6, sta- panc led, Ex. poppy I dcdduOUS, 

 men with the connectile continued beyond the A , L * rj 



anther, when it tails on as the nower 



decays, Ex. water lily; and persistent, when it remains upon 

 the germ after the corolla has fallen ; Ex. rose, apple. 



99. The calyx is sometimes reduced to a mere rim, and some- 

 times, when there is no corolla, the calyx is entirely wanting 

 (54). 



a. Again, the calyx is reduced to a whorl of mere hair-like 

 processes, called pappus, or down. This kind of calyx is pecu- 

 liar to the Compositae, as the Asters, sunflower, &c., where the 

 flowers are collected in heads so compact that the calyx has no 

 room to develop itself in the usual manner. If the pappus con- 

 sists of simple hairs, it is said to be pilose ; if the hairs are 

 feathery, plumose; if they are stiff, like bristles, setose; if dilated, 

 so as to become chaffy, paleaceous. 



6. OF THE COROLLA. 



100. Corolla is a Latin diminutive, signifying a chaplet or 



