144 1. ItANUNCULACE^E. COPTIS 



dichotomous. Lower leaves 2 M wide, on long semicylindric petioles, upper 

 ones sessile, all of a dark shining green, veiny ana smooth. Flowers ol a 

 golden yellow in all their parts, 1%' diam., few and pedunculate. Outer row 

 of filaments clavate, twice longer than the inner. The young leaves are in 

 ^reat request in spring, for greens. May. 



0. integerrima. (C. integerrima. PA.) Lvs. entire ; scp. obovate, obtuse. 



y. plena, with double flowers. Cultivated in gardens. 



7. TROLLIUS. 

 Germ, trol or trollen, globular ; alluding to the form of the flowers. 



Sepals 5 10 15, roundish ovate, colored, deciduous; petals 5 

 25, small, linear, tubular at base ; stamens 00, much shorter than the 

 sepals ; follicles 00, subcyjindric, sessile, many-seeded. 1\. Smooth, 

 with palmate leaves. 



1. T. LAXUS. Salisb. (T. Americanus Muhl.} American Globe Flower. 

 Sep. 5, oblong, spreading ; pet. 15 25, shorter than the stamens. In 

 swamps, Can. to Penn. Not common. About If high. Leaves deeply cleit into 5 

 segments, which are lobed and cut-dentate. Sepals yellow, resembling petals, 

 4 5" long. Petals very small, orange-colored. Follicles about 10, crowned 

 with the persistent styles. This is the only American species. Jn. 



2. E. EUROPJEUS. European Globe Flower. Erect, branched, leafy; Ivs. deeply 

 cleft or divided, segments cuneate at base, acute, incisely lobed and toothed ; 

 fls. solitary, erect, large, globular ; ped. long, naked ; sep. closely converging ; 

 pet. equaling the stamens. Native of Europe. Stem 2 3f high. Flowers 

 of a rich yellow. A very ornamental plant, of easy culture from seeds or 

 roots. May, Jn.-f 



3. T. ASIATICUS. Asiatic Globe Flower. Erect; Ivs. deeply divided into 5 

 broad segments ; segments laciniately lobed and toothed ; fls. terminal, soli- 

 tary, pedunculate ; sep. spreading ; pet. longer than the stamens. Native of 

 Asia. Plant about 2f high, with ample foliage and large, deep orange-color- 

 ed flowers yellow in some of its varieties. Jn.f 



8. HELLEBO RUS. Adans. 



EAetv, to cause death ; /3opa, food ; the poisonous qualities are well Known. 



Sepals 5, mostly greenish, persistent; petals 8 10, very short, 

 tubular, 2-lipped ; stamens 00; stigmas 3 10, orbicular; follicles 

 cohering at base, many-seeded. '*! Lvs. coriaceous, divided. Fls. 

 large, nodding. 



H. VIRIDIS. Green Hellebme. 



Glabrous ; radical Ivs. pedately divided, segments lanceolate, acute, ser- 

 rate ; cauline Ivs. few, palmately parted, nearly sessile ; peds. often in pairs ; sep. 

 roundish ovate, acute, green. A European plant, <\ on Long Island. Stem 

 23 f. high, thick. Apr.f 



9. C O P T I S .Salisb. 



Gr. KOTTTM, to cut ; from the numerous divisions of the leaves. 



Sepals 5 6, oblong, concave, colored, deciduous ; petals 5 6 

 small, cucullate, obconic ; stamens 20 25 ; follicles 5 10, stipitate. 

 rostrate, diverging in a stellate manner, 4 6-seeded. Low herbs 

 with radical leaves, and a long, slender, perennial, creeping rhizoma. 



C. TRIFOLIA. Goldthread? 



L/vs. 3-foliate ; scape 1-flowered ; pet. much smaller than the sepals. Penn 

 N. to Arctic Am. Stem subterranean, extensively creeping, golden yellow, ver) 

 bitter and tonic. Leaves all radical, leaflets sessile, 48" long, crenate-mu 

 cronate, smooth, coriaceous, common petiole 1 2' long. Peduncles 3 4 

 high, with a single, minute bract above the middle, bearing a single white star- 

 like flower. The 5 or 6 yellow petals are barely distinguishable by their color 

 among the white stamens. May. Medicinal 



