380 LXXVIII/ ERICACEAE. PTEROSPORA 



SUBORDER 4. M ONOTROPE^l. 



Ovary free from the calyx. Leafless herbs, destitute of verdure. 



20. MONOTROPA. 

 Gr. po*os, one, rpeiroj, t^ turn ; term inapplicable, as the genus is now modified. 



Calyx represented by 1 3 bracts ; pet. 5, erect, persistent, gib- 

 as at base; sta. 10 ; fil. persistent, alternating with 10 reflexed ap- 

 p adages of the torus ; stig. orbicular, naked ; caps. 5-celled. Para 

 sj. -c herbs. St. or scape l-Jloivered, scentless. 



M. UNIFLORA. Indian Pipe. Bird's-nest. 



St. short ; scales approximate ; /. nodding; fr. erect. Common in woods, 

 C. 4. to Car. W. to 111. A small, succulent plant, about 6' high, yellowish- 

 wL*te in all its parts. Stem furnished with sessile, lanceolate, semi-transpa- 

 rent leaves, or bracts, and bearing a large, terminal, solitar^flower. Common 

 "in woods, near the base of trees, on whose roots it is said to be parasitic. Jn. 



21. HYPOPlTYS. Dill. 

 Gr. VTTW, under, irtrvj, a pine tree ; its place of growth. 



Sepals 4 5, colored ; pet. as many as sepals, a little longer and 

 of the same color, erect, deciduous, gibbous at base; sta. 8 10; fil. 

 subulate, persistent ; anth. 2-celled, small ; stig. discoid, umbilicate ; 

 caps. 4 5-celled, 4 5-valved, many-seeded. Parasitic herbs, of a 

 tawny white. Root scaly. St. simple. Fls. racemed, lateral ones tetra- 

 merous, terminal one pentamerous. 



1. H. MULTIFLORA. Scop. (H. Europsea. Don. Monotropa. Linn.} 

 Pel., sta. and sty. hirsute ; caps, oval-oblong. 



/?. Americana. DC. (H. Europsea. Nutt.} Plant smaller, yellowish -brown. 

 In pine woods, Can., Penn., Car., DC. Is not this rather a variety of the fol- 

 lowing'? It seems to be lost to recent botanists. 



2. H. LANUGINOSA. (Monotropa. Michx. and 1st edit.} Pine Sap. 

 Plant clothed with a velvet-like pubescence ; pedicels much longer than 



the flower ; caps, subglobose. Woods, N. Y. ! Can to Car. W. to Wise. ! The 

 whole plant is of a tawny white, similar to the last. The root is a tangled mass 

 of fibres. Scape 610' high, with mary concave scales, covered with down. 

 Flowers 7 12, in a terminal raceme, yellowish, drooping at first, becoming 

 erect. Pedicels 1 2" long, bracts and flowers 3 times as long. Only ihe ter- 

 minal flower is generally decandrous ; the lateral ones have 8 stamens and 4 

 petals. Woods. Aug. 



22. PTEROSPCRA. 



Gr. Trrtpo?, a wing, mopa, a seed; alluding to the winged seeds. 



Calyx 5-parted ; corolla roundish-ovoid, the limb 5-toothed and re- 

 flexed ; stamens 10; anthers peltate, 2-celled, 2-awned ; capsule 5- 

 celled, 5-valved; seeds very numerous, minute, winged at the apex. 

 % Plant leafless, brownish-red. Fls. racemed. 



P. ANDROMEDEA. Nutt. (Monotropa procera. Ea.} Albany Beech-drops. 



In various parts of N. Y. ! and Vt., rare. First discovered by Dr. D. S. C. 

 H. Smith, near Niagara Falls, 1816. Scape 1230' high, dark purple, clothed 

 with short, viscid wool. Raceme G 12' long, with 50 or more nodding flowers 

 Pedicels irregularly scattered, G 8" long, axillary to long, linear bracts. Co- 

 rolla shorter than the pedicels, somewhat campanulate, open at the throat, 

 white, tipped with red at the summit. July. 



