I'RIENTALIS. LXXXII. PRIMULACEyE. 385 



of anise. Leaves are used as a potherb, and are recommended for feeding silk- 

 worms. Its varieties may be increased by raising from the seed. June, f 



6. P. PURPUREA. Royl. Purple Primrose. Las. lanceolate, obtuse, very smooth, 

 covered beneath with yellowish farina, margin undulate, re volute ; scape thick, 

 glabrous, longer than the leaves ; invol. 00-flowered, as long as the pedicels, fari- 

 naceous beneath ; car. segments obovate, obtuse, not emarginate. Native of the 

 Mountains of Napaul, Asia. Flowers dark purple, f 



7. P. CALYCINA. Duby. Double-cupped Primrose. Lvs. lanceolate, thin, smooth, 

 entire, acute, surrounded with a white margin ; invol. 3 5-flowered, as long as 

 the pedicels ; cal. tube ventricose ; cor. lobes obcordate, emarginate. Native of 

 Mts. in Austria. Flowers purple, very beautiful, f 



8. P. GRANDIFLORA. Lam. (P. vulgaris. Huds.} Common Primrose. Las. 

 obovate, oblong, rugose, villous beneath, toothed ; umbel radical ; fl. stalks as 

 long as the leaves; cor. flat. 'ZJ. Native of Europe. An interesting garden 

 plant, esteemed for its 'early flowering, and for its being prolific in variation. 

 In its wild state its flowers are yellow and single, but by cultivation they be- 

 come double, and in the numerous varieties, red, pink, white, orange, purple, 

 &c., and the umbels, in numerous instances, are on a scape. The roots and 

 leaves smell of anise seed, and when dried and powered, are used as a snuff, 

 and also as an emetic. The number of varieties is vast, and is readily increased 

 by cultivation from seed. April, f 



3. DODECATHEON. 



Gr. doieKa, twelve, of, god ; alluding to its curious flowers which are about 12? 



Calyx 5-parted, reflexed ; cor. tube very short, limb rotate, 5-parted, 

 segments reflexed ; sta. 5, inserted into the throat of the corolla ; fil. 

 very short ; anth. large, acute, connivent at apex ; style exserted ; 

 caps, oblong-ovoid, 5-valved, many-seeded. ^ with radical, oblong Ivs., 

 an erect, simple scape, and a terminal umbel of nodding flowers. 



1. D. MEADIA. American Cowslip, or Mead's Cmcslip. 



Lvs. oval or oblong, obtuse, attenuate at base into a marginal petiole, gla- 

 brous, entire or repandly dentate ; scape 9 20-flowered ; bracts of the invol. ovate, 

 inner ones lanceolate; scp. lanceolate, acute, entire; fil. united into a tube much 

 shorter than the subulate anthers. A singular, elegant herb, on prairies, dry or 

 rocky soils, Penn. to Ind. Dr. Skinner'. 111., Wise, and throughout the Western 

 States. Whole plant very smooth. Leaves all radical, 7 10' by 1} 2$', on 

 the margin usually undulate or repand-toothed. Scape 1 2f high. Involucre 

 much shorter than the pedicels which are very slender, 1 2' in length. Corol- 

 la white or purplish, abruptly reflexed. Anthers 5" long, yellow, purple at 

 base. May, Jn. f I have specimens gathered in Tenn. by Miss E. Carpenter, 

 with leaves perfectly even and entire. 



2. D. INTEGRIFOLITJM. Michx. 



Lvs. ovate or lanceolate, subspatulate, subentire, obtuse, petiolate ; scape 

 few-flowered ; fls. suberect ; bracts of the invol. lanceolate or linear acute ; cal. 

 segments lanceolate, acute, entire ; fil. connate into an elongated tube, nearly as 

 long as the anthers. A much smaller plant than the preceding. NuttalL 1 

 have specimens of this species 1 collected in 111. by Rev. E. Jcnncy. Scape 

 6 10' high, thick. Leaves 3 5' long, on naked petioles. Flowers 5 11, 

 somewhat crowded, on shorter pedicels. Corolla bluish-white. It may be only 

 a variety of D. Meadia. 



4. TRIENTALIS. 



Lat. triens, the third part of a foot (40 ; alluding to the height of the plant 



Calyx and cor. 7-(6 8-) parted, spreading ; sta. 7 (6 8) ; fr. cap- 

 sular, somewhat fleshy, many-seed. St. low, simple. Lvs. subverticil- 

 late. Pad. \-flowered. 



T. AMERICANA. Ph. (T. Europsea. Michx.} Chickweed Winter green. 



St. erect, simple, leafless at base; Lvs. glomerate, few, narrow-lanceolate, 



