XCIV. BORRAGINACEjE. 



ECHIDM. 



Sta. 5, inserted into the corolla and alternate with its lobes 

 Ova. deeply 4-lobed. the style arising from the base of the lobes. 

 g^-Nuts or achenia 4, distinct, l-seeded. Seeds without albumen. 

 Lmbryo with a superior radicle. Cotyledons plano-convex. 



Genera 53, species 600? very abundant in the south of Europe and middle of Asia, becoming rare as 

 approach the arctic circle. All our native species are herbaceous. 



Properties. Mucilaginous and emollient plants, never poisonous. 



.-/I 



FTG. 52. 1. Borrago officinalis. 2. A petal with its appendage at base, and anthers produced at apex. 

 3. Calyx with the 4 achenia and style. 4. Vertical section of one of the achenia, showing the seed, em- 

 oryo and albumen. 5. Plan of the flower. 6. Lithospermum (Batschia) canescens. 7. Corolla laid open, 

 howing the stamens inserted on the tube. 



Conspectus of the Genera. 



'irregular Echium. i 



("Corolla rotate, blue. . . Borrago. 2 



I Corolla campanulate. . . Symphijtum. 3 



excavated 1 Cor. funnel or tube straight. Anchusa. 4 



at base. I salver-form, < tube twice bent. Lycopsfo. 5 



$ Lvs. rough. Onosmodium. 6 



( dilated. (. Lvs. smooth.Mertensia. 9 

 fCor. throat < nar- Uobes erect. . Pulmonaria. 



fAch.free, 



not ex- 1 open and ( row. { lobes spreading. Lithospermum. 7 



cavate 1 Cor. closed $ yellow, large. 



rge. 



; Ovary / unarmed, Cat base. L at throat, white, 'small. . 

 deeply ] Corolla salver-form. 



4-parted. I Achenia echinate, cohering. ( wmfjft funnel-form. 

 Ovary entire (partible in fruit) bearing the f vle at the top. 



Pentalophus. 

 Myosotis. 11 



Echinospermtim. 12 

 Cynoglossum. 13 

 Heliotropium. 14 



TRIBE 1. BORRAGEJ3. Ovary consisting oi two bipartible (rarely 2-celled) 

 carpels. Style arising from the base between the segments of the ovary. 

 Fruit deeply 4-(rarely 2-)parted. Seeds without albumen. 

 1. ECHIUM. Buck. 



Gr. c%is, a viper; from the spotted stem of some species. 



Calyx 5-parted, segments subulate, erect ; corolla campanulate, ob- 

 liquely and unequally lobed, with a short tube and naked orifice ; 

 stigma cleft; achenia tuberculate, imperforate. Herbs or shrubs. 

 Fls. irregular, in spicate, panicled racemes. Cor. cyanic. 



E. VULGARE. Viper's Bngloss. 



St. herbaceous, rough with bristles and tubercles; cauline Ivs. lanceolate, 

 and rough with bristles ; spikes lateral, hairy, deflected. A rough plant, with 

 large, handsome, violet-colored flowers, found in fields and waste grounds, N. 

 States. Stem 18 20' high, round, with entire, dull green leaves, which are 

 2 6' long, and ^ as wide, lower ones petiolate, upper ones amplexicaul. Flow- 

 ers in numerous, crowded, axillary, recurved spikes, appearing in June and 

 July. 



