546 CLII. TRILLIACE^E. TRILLIUM 



1. T. SESSILE. Sessile-flowered Trillium. 



bvs. broad-ovate or suborbicular, rather acute, sessile ; ft. closely sessile, 

 erect ; sep. erect, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, acute ; pet. linear-lanceolate, 

 purple, a third longer than the sepals ; anth. long, erect. A small species in 

 Fertile soils, Middle, Western (Clark ! Plummer!} and Southern States. Rhi- 

 zoma horizontal, thick. Stem b 8' high, slender. Leaves rather thick, 1 2' 

 by 1 2', smooth and entire. Sepals green, about 8" by 3'', the petals narrower 

 and much longer, dark purple. Apr. May. 



2. T. RECURVATUM. Beck. 



Lvs. ovate or obovate, attenuated to a petiole, acute ; fl. closely sessile ; 

 pet. lanceolate-ovate, very acute, attenuate at base, erect, as long as the recurved 

 sepals. A small Trillium quite distinct, although allied to the last, in shady 

 woods, Wis., Lapham ! 111., Jenney! Mo., Beck. Stem 8 10' high, rather thick. 

 Leaves 2 2' by 1J 2', with distinct, short petioles. Petals purple, and with 

 the green, reflexed sepals about 1' long. May. 



3. T. ERYTHROCARPUM. Michx. (T. pictum. Ph.} Smiling Wake-robin. 

 Lvs. ovate, acuminate, rounded at base, abruptly petioled ; ped. erect ; pet. 



lanceolate-ovate, recurved, twice as long as the sepals. Can. to Ga. A beauti- 

 ful flower, adorning our woods in May and June. Stem 8 12' high, with a 

 whorl of 3 broad-ovate leaves at top. These are 3-veined, rounded at base, long 

 acuminate, 3 4' long, f as wide, petiole 2 3" long. Flower nearly erect. 

 Petals wavy at the edges, white, finely radiated with purple lines at base. The 

 root is considered medicinal. 



0. Cleavelandicum. Wood. (T. Cleavelandicum. Swallow!) Sep. developed 

 into leaves, which are but little smaller than the true leaves ; pet. 6, the 3 outer 

 but partly colored. Otherwise as in a. Brunswick, Me. ! This is probably a 

 metamorphosis; but Mr. S. has gathered it three years in succession, and also 

 finds it thus far unaltered when cultivated from the root. Its claims to the 

 rank of a species must be tested by plants reared from the seeds. (Dr. T. 

 Richard comm.) 



4. T. PUSILLUM. Michx. (T. pumilum. Ph.} 



Lvs. oval-oblong, obtuse, sessile ; ped. erect ; pet. scarcely longer than the 

 calyx. Penn., Mithlenberg. A very small species. Petals flesh-colored. - This 

 plant appears to be lost to the later botanists. 



5. T. NIVALE. Riddell. Snoiwy Trillium. 



JRt. tuberous, premorse ; st. low ; Ivs. ovate or oval, rather obtuse, distinctly 

 and abruptly petiolate; fl. short, pedunculate, erect; pet. spatulate-obovate, 

 obtuse, white, one-third longer than the calyx. The smallest species here 

 described, in stony or dry fields, Ohio, Clark! Wis., Lapham I Stem 2 4' high, 

 from a thick, tuberous root. Leaves 8 18" by 5 12", petioles 2 4", about 

 equaling the peduncle. Sepals green, much narrower than the snowy petals 

 which are about 8" by 4". Mar. Apr. 



6. T. PENDULUM. Muhl. (T. cernuum. Bart., PA., <$*c.) Drooping Tril- 

 lium. Lvs. suborbicular-rhomboidal, abruptly acuminate, shortly petio- 



Hate; ' fl. cernuous, on a recurved peduncle. A large species, with a small 

 flower, Midr. and W. States ! Stem slender, 10 15' high. Leaves 35' diam., 

 nearly round, on petioles 1" long. Flower white, pendulous beneath the leaves. 

 Peduncle 1 2' long. Sepals green, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 1' long. 

 Petals oblong-ovate, acute, !' by ', white. Stigmas erect, recurved at top, 

 lower part styloid (or styles 3, erect, with recurved stigmas !). May, Jn. 



7. T. ERECTUM. (T. atropurpureum. Curt.} Bath Flower. 



Lvs. rhomboidal, acuminate, sessile; ped. inclining; fl. nodding; pet. 

 scarcely longer, but much broader than the sepals. A conspicuous plant in 

 woods, of fine appearance, but of an intolerably offensive odor. At the top of 

 the stem, which is a foot high, is a whorl of 3 leaves which are 3-veined, 35' 

 long, of equal width, and a single, nodding flower, on a nearly erect peduncle. 

 Petals broad-ovate, an inch long, twice as wide as the sepals and of a dusky 

 purple, greenish outside. May. 



