TULIPA. CLiH. LILIACE^E. 547 



0. Fls. white and much smaller. N. Y., &c. 



y. Fls. white and somewhat larger. Western States ! 



8. T. GRANDIFLORUM. Salisb. Large-flowering Trillium. 

 Lvs. broadly rhomboid-ovate, sessile, abruptly acuminate ; ped. inclined ; 

 fl. suberect ; pet. much longer than the calyx, spatulate-oblanceolate, connivent 

 at base. Damp, rocky woods, Mid., S. and W. States, abundant. Stem 8 12' 

 high. Leaves 3 5' diam. Flower larger than in any of the preceding species. 

 Petals 1 2' in length, broadest near the apex, with a short, abrupt acumina- 

 tion, white, varying to rose-colored. May. 



2. MEDEOLA. 



Named after the fabulous sorceress, Medea, for its supposed medicinal virtues. 



Perianth deeply parted into 6 petaloid, revolute segments ; stig- 

 mas 3, divaricate, united at base ; berry 3-celled ; cells 3 6-seeded. 



Stem simple. 



M. VIRGINICA. (Gyromia. Nutt.} Cucumber Root. 



Lvs. verticillate in the middle of the stem, 3 at the top. None can but 

 admire the symmetry of its form. Rhizoma white, fleshy, tuberous, thought to 

 resemble the cucumber in flavor. Stem erect, 1 2f high, invested with loose, 

 cottony wool. Leaves in two whorls, one just above the middle of the stem, 

 consisting of 6 8 wedge-lanceolate leaves (34' by 9 12") ; the other at the 

 top, of about 3 ovate, shorter ones. Flowers in the upper whorl, 1, 2 or 3, pen- 

 dulous, with greenish, revolute segments. The stigmas are very long, reflexed, 

 dark red. July. 



ORDER CLIII. LILIACEJE. LILYWORTS. 



Herbs with parallel-veined leaves. Stems often bulbous or tuberous at base. 



Fls. perfect, regular, generally large and richly colored. 



Perianth free from ovary, of 6 segments (rarely 4), colored. 



Sta. 6 (rarely 4), inserted into the sepals and petals. Anthers introrse. 



Ova. 3-celled, many-ovuled. Styles united into 1. Stigma often 3-lobed. 



Fr. capsular or fleshy, with several or many seeds in each cell. 



Sds. Albumen fleshy. 



Genera 133, species 1200, chiefly natives of temperate regions. The flowers of most are beautiful, of 

 many brilliant, and of some truly splendid. 



Properties. The order abounds in a bitter, stimulant principle and also in mucilage. Some of the 

 bulbous species yield a nutritious diet, as the asparagus, onion, garlic. The well known active medi- 

 cine, squills, is the bulb of Scilla maritima, of S. Europe. The various kinds of officinal aloes, are the 

 product of several species of Aloe. The powerful astringent, dragon's blood, is the concentrated juice of 

 Dracaena Draco of the Canary Isles. 



Conspectus of the Genera. 

 * Segments of the perianth scarcely cohering in a tube. 



$ erect. . . . J>Wpo. 1 



solitary, {drooping. . . Erythronium. 4 



Convallaria. 12 



Lilitim. 2 



Fritillaria. 3 



Convallaria. 18 



Phalangium. 11 



Asphodelus. 10 



Ornithogalvm. 8 



Allium. 7 



Streptopus. 15 



Uvularia. 14 



Branches 



( on a scape, . . i umbellate, &c. 

 < ( Petals with a grooved line. . 



Fls. companulate, ( on a leafy stem. ( Petals with a honey cavity at base 



^ Leaves broad, cauline. 

 $ Valves 0. I Leaves linear, radical. 

 ( racemose. . . { Valves 6, bearing the stamens. 

 \ corymbose, pedicels bracted at base 

 Fls. subrotate, . . ( umbellate, from a leafy spathe. 



. , 



< Sepals and petals recurved. 

 . \ Sepals and petals erect Se 



Seeds few. 



Branches { Leaves ovate, &c. ( Sepals and petals erect Seeds many. 



leafy. . . Leaves filiform, fasciculate Asparagus. 16 



* * Segments of the perianth cohering into a tube at base. 



(Stamens inserted at the top of the incurved tube Polyanthes. 6 



Flowers \ Stamens inserted in i he middle of the tube Hyadnthta. 9 



on a scape. ( Stamens inserted at base of tube, declined Heanerocallis. 5 



Flowers axillary on a leafy stem 4 . . . . ; Polygonatum. 15 



TRIBE 1. TUL.IPACEJ3. Bulbous. Sepals and petals scarcely adhering 



in a tube. Integuments of the seed soft and pale. 



1. TULlPA. 



Persian thouliban, a turban ; alluding to the form of these magnificent flowers. 



Perianth campanulate ; stamens short, subulate ; anthers 4-angled ; 

 stigma thick ; capsule oblong, triangular. ^ Lvs. radical. Flower 



