LrcopomuM. CLXIII. LYCOPODIACE^E. G25 



high ; the fertile with 4 5 whorls of branches from the base of the sheaths 

 which are 23' apart, and cleft into several large, tawny red teeth or segments ; 

 the sterile taller and more slender, with more numerous whorls of branches. 

 The branches are all subdivided and curved downwards. Spike oval-cylindric, 

 pedicellate. May. 



4. E. VARIEGATUM. Smith. (E. scorpoides. Me.) 



Caespitose ; sts. branching at base, filiform, scabrous ; spike blackish ; 

 sheaths 3-toothed, blackish, teeth membranaceous, whitish, deciduous at the 

 tips. Hilly woods, Free States and Brit. Am. Stems numerous, 3 6' long, 6- 

 furrowed (5-furrowed. Beck), sheaths very short, 1 2' apart. Spikes small, 

 ovoid, terminal. Not common. July. 



5. E. LIMOSUM. (E. uliginosum. Wittd.} Pipes. 



Sts. somewhat branched, erect, striate-sulcate ; branches from the middle 



irregular in length and position. Sheaths 3 4" long, white at the summit, tipped 

 with as many black, subulate teeth as there are furrows (1520). This spe- 

 cies is greedily devoured by cattle. July. 



6. E. PALUSTRE. Marsh Horsetail. 



Sts. branched, smooth, sulcate ; branches simple, pentagonal, curved up- 

 wards; sheath some what appressed, remote, 10-toothed at the apex; spike oblong, 

 dark brown. Marshes, common. Stems 1 2f high, deeply furrowed. Branches 

 short and like the other species produced in whorls from the bases of the sheaths, 

 at first horizontal, finally bending to an upright position. Spike an inch long. 

 Ma)', June. 



ORDER CLXIII. LYCOPODIACE.E. CLUB MOSSES. 



Stems creeping or erect, branching, rarely simple, abounding in ducts. 

 Leaves small, numerous, crowded, entire, lanceolate or subulate, 1-nerved. 

 Inflorescence axillary, or crowded into a sort of ament or spike. 



TheccR of two kinds in the same plant, sessile, 1, often 2-celled. [powder. 



Spares few, rather large in some of the thecae, other thecae containing minute grains, appearing like fine 

 Like the Equisetaceae, these pjants appear to have been Very abundant in the first'ages of the world 

 and to have attained a gigantic size, though at present but a few feet in length. Properties unimportant. 

 Some are emetic. The powder contained in the theca? is highly inflammable, and is used in the manu- 

 facture of fire-works. Genera 5, species 200. 



Genera. 



Leaves cauline, on erect or creeping stems Lycopodiiian. 1 



Leaves or fronds radical, long, linear-subulate Isoetis. 2 



1. LYCOPODIUM. 



Gr. \viros, a wolf, irovs , a foot ; from some fancied resemblance. 



Theeae axillary, sessile, 1 -celled, some of them 2-valved, filled with 

 minute, farinaceous grains, others 3-valved, containing several larger 

 globular spores. 



* Inflorescence in pedunculate spikes. 



1. L. CLAVATUM. (L. tristachium. Nutt.} Common Club Moss. 



St. creeping ; branches ascending ; ITS. scattered, incurved, capillaceous- 

 icuminate ; spikes in pairs, rarely in 3s, cylindrical, pedunculate ; bracts of the 

 spike ovate, acuminate, erosely denticulate. A well known evergreen, trailing 

 upon the ground in shady pastures and woods, common. Stem and branches 

 clothed with numerous linear-lanceolate leaves which are entire or serrulate, 

 and end in a pellucid, curved bristle. Spikes perfectly straight, parallel, erect, 

 and upon an erect peduncle. July. 



2. L. COMPLANATUM. Ground Pine. 



St. trailing ; branches dichotomous; Ivs. 4-ranked, unequal, the marginal 

 ones connate, diverging at apex, the superficial ones solitary, appressed ; ped. 

 elongated, supporting 46, cylindric spikes. A trailing evergreen, common in 

 woods and shady grounds. Stem round, creeping among the moss and leaves, 

 often lOf in length. Branches numerously subdivided, compressed, somewhat 

 resembling the branchlets of the cedar. Leaves minute, very acute. July. 



