AND LOWER ECYPT. 239 



strain is made by the exertion of the shoulders. 

 This method is in general use all over Turkey, and 

 it appears to me exceedingly commodious : the 

 animal is more at its ease, has more force and 

 speed, than when it is in the fatiguing and ex- 

 tremely awkward attitude of pulling by the head. 

 It is to this method we must ascribe the thickness 

 of the withers, which the oxen of Egypt have more 

 elevated than those of our European countries. It 

 is possible, at the same time, that this may be a 

 natural swell, and that, on this account, they 

 may be considered as approaching to the bison, or 

 hump-backed ox *. 



* Bosferus. Lin. 



