XXIV 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



PLATE 



IX. 



X. 



XL 



XII. 



XIII. 



XIV. 



XV. 



XVI. 

 XVII. 



XVIII. 

 XIX. 



It is important to know the depth, distance apart, and time of the year 

 at which different kinds of bulbs should be planted. Many disappoint- 

 ing flower effects are the result of violating these rules with reference to 

 depth, distance apart, and time of planting ........ 46 



Trees are given winter protection both against injury from sun-scald 

 and against injury from severe wind and changing temperature condi- 

 tions. This photograph shows one method of protecting hemlocks 

 against the sun's rays 62 



The list of evergreens adapted to soil and to climatic conditions of the 

 middle west, and valuable for low, refined mass plantings is limited. 

 The upper photograph shows an effect produced by the use of dwarf yew, 

 Pfitzer's and tamarisk-leaved junipers, Mugho pines and Japanese spurge 

 edging. The lower photograph shows the effectiveness of masses of low, 

 refined evergreens against massive architecture 63 



Under climatic and soil conditions favourable to their growth evergreens 

 will produce a landscape picture incapable of reproduction through the 

 use of deciduous plants. This photograph shows an effective use, under 

 Long Island conditions, of arborvitae, red cedars, junipers, rhododen- 

 dron, and yews as a background for a refined, formal pool .... 78 



Carefully selected and planted trees for avenue and street planting 

 provide a uniform and a symmetrical effect together with the inviting 

 shade, all of which are so essential to the standards of modern residential 

 districts ; -. 79 



The list of trees and shrubs which thrive in the congested city districts 

 where soil conditions are poor and the air is polluted with smoke and 

 dust is limited to a few kinds, of which the tree of heaven, locust, and 

 catalpa are typical 94 



An interesting use of hedges to frame one side of the refined formal 



garden. Japanese quince on the left side of the walk. Japanese bar- 

 erry against the right side accented with sheared retinosporas, and 

 buttresses of Japanese quince and Amoor River privet on the extreme 

 left against the vine-covered wall, form the features of this compo- 

 sition 95 



Plume-like cypress, naturally a small tree, can be maintained as a com- 

 pact and a very formal low hedge if given plenty of skillful pruning 

 and protection in winter no 



The Canadian hemlock, when grown from the northern seed and when 

 well established, forms one of the best windbreaks and barriers for the 

 protection of the garden or orchard wherever drifting snow must be over- 

 come and seclusion also attained no 



Upon a spacious lawn effective use can occasionally be made of trees 

 and shrubs possessing symmetrical habits of growths and fine flowering 

 and fruiting qualities. The deutzia is a shrub with these capabilities, 

 but it is seldom seen as a specimen plant. Restraint, however, must be 

 observed and a dotted effect avoided I IO 



The extended lawn area often requires specimen trees to lend scale 

 and colour to the picture, and it also offers opportunity to display the 

 natural beauty of many of our fine specimen trees in 



