BRITISH BIRDS. 37 



46a. C. einelus aquatieus (Beeh.). DIPPER. 



Hab. Central and Western Europe, north to Scotland. 



Male : head and nape deep brown ; remaining upper 

 parts blackish-brown, with dark greyish margins to the 

 feathers; throat and breast white; upper part of belly dark 

 chestnut, changing to black on the flanks and lower belly ; 

 bill and feet brownish black. Length nearly 7*00. Female: 

 identical. Young : paler above, and no chestnut below. 



Common throughout West and North of England, and 

 whole of Scotland, north to the Hebrides ; also most of 

 mountainous parts of Ireland. Frequents running brooks 

 and rivers, nest being placed in rocky banks or ledges 

 under bridges, sometimes in boughs of trees over water. It 

 is oval, with an entrance at side ; composed of green 

 mosses, lined with dry grasses and dead leaves. Eggs : 

 4 to 6 ; shell without gloss, pure white ; size roo by 75. 

 First eggs laid in March, there being two or three broods. 

 Song, weak but sweet and pleasing ; often heard in winter. 

 Swims with ease, and has also a habit of seeking its food 

 at bottom of pools and streams, walking right in from edge. 



Family Panuridee. 



GENUS XIX. PANURUS, Koch (1816). 

 Bill short, somewhat conical, upper mandible a little 

 decurved and longer than lower, which is straight. Wings 

 with ist quill very minute, 3rd longest. Tail long, the 

 feathers much graduated. Tarsus rather long; feet stout; 

 claws slightly curved. 



47. Panurus biarmieus (Linn.). BEARDED TITMOUSE. 

 Hab. Southern and Western Europe, north in latter 

 to Holland and England; also Turkestan and South 

 Siberia. In winter partially migratory. 



