BRITISH BIRDS. 91 



115. Pyrrhoeorax graeulus (Linn.). CHOUGH. 



Hab. Mountains of Palasarctic Region, except extreme 

 north, but very local. 



Male : glossy black with purplish reflections ; bill pale 

 orange-red ; iris hazel ; tarsi light red ; claws blackish. 

 Length 15-00. Female : slightly smaller. 



Locally distributed over rocky coasts of west side of 

 Great Britain ; also many localities around coasts of 

 Ireland and in the Channel Islands. Nest : in crevices 

 or caves of sea-cliffs or in ruined castles ; composed of 

 fine twigs, grass, wool and hair. Eggs : 3 to 5 ; pale 

 greyish-yellow, mottled with light brown and dark grey ; 

 size : 1*46 by no. 



GENUS LIII. NUCIFRAGA, Brisson (1760). 

 Bill moderately long, stout, straight, with a blunt 

 point ; wings moderate, rounded ; tail moderate, nearly 

 even. 



116. Nueifraga earyoeataetes (Linn.y. 



NUTCRACKER. 



Hab. Mountains of Europe (north nearly to Arctic 

 Circle in Norway) but very local ; also N. Asia. 



Has occurred in nearly every eastern and southern 

 county of England and twice in Scotland. 



GENUS LIV. GARRULUS, Brisson (1760). 

 Bill moderate, stout, compressed, tolerably straight ; 

 feathers of crown forming a crest ; tail long rounded. 



117. Garrulus glandarius (Linn.). JAY. 

 Hab. Europe, north nearly to Arctic circle. 



Male : crest-feathers greyish-white, spotted with black ; 

 throat whitish, bordered each side by a black moustache- 



