CHAPTER IV. 



ON THE NUMBERS OF NUCLEI PRODUCED BY SHAKING DIFFERENT LIQUIDS AND 



ON ALLIED DATA. 



i. Explanation. In my report on the nucleus, 1 I showed that the number 

 produced in a given mode of comminution was least in pure water, greater in 

 dilute organic solutions, and still greater in dilute inorganic solutions, all of the 

 same strength. Results were also given for other solvents than water, in par- 

 ticular for benzol; but I was unable to reduce the data to the same scale as for 

 aqueous solvents, as the data needed for the reductions were not at hand. I 

 have since found that the method of Wilson and Thomson 2 lends itself to 

 benzol, and have therefore computed the data over again, as shown in table i. 



TABLE i. NUMBERS OF NUCLEI PRODUCED BY VIGOROUSLY SHAKING DIF- 

 FERENT SOLUTIONS IN THE SAME MANNER. CONCENTRATION i %. 



Solvent. 



Solute. 



Number of nuclei per cub. cm. 



Water 



Benzol 

 Benzol 



(Pure water) 

 Sucrose 

 Glucose 

 Glycerin 

 Urea 



Tartaric Acid 

 Na 2 SO 4 

 K,S0 4 

 Alum 



CaCl,, FeCl 3 

 NaCl, HC1 

 Ca 2 NO 3 

 H 4 N NO, 

 A1 3 N0 3 

 Fe 3 NO, 

 Na 3 PO 4 

 Naphthalene 

 Paraffine 



630 



1300 



5000 



2. Data. The pressure reduction used to effect the condensations was 

 throughout 6p=i6 cm. Hence at about 20 the adiabatic fall of temperature 

 in case of a benzol-air medium should be as far as 10.2, the rise of temperature 



1 Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, No. 1373, Chap. V, 1903. 



2 Phil. Mag. (5), XLVI, p. 538, 1898. 



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