96 WHERE, WHEN, AND HOW TO CATCH FISH 



series of larger teeth, 5 or 6 of those in front being somewhat 

 canine-like, but small ; lower jaw with a single series of moderately 

 strong teeth, none of them large enough to be called canines ; tongue 

 with a large, oval patch of teeth, in front of which is a smaller but 

 similar patch ; teeth on vomer forming a broadly arrow-shaped patch, 

 with a backward prolongation on the median line, which is nearly 

 twice the width of the patch ; a narrow band of pterygoid teeth 

 behind the patch on the vomer, this not evident in young examples. 

 Gill rakers rather long and slender, the longest about ^ diameter of 

 eye, about 8 -f- 21, none of them rudimentary. Preopercle with its 

 posterior margin almost vertical, with a slight, but distinct emargina- 

 tion above the angle ; serrations of preopercle very feeble, the teeth 

 at the angle scarcely enlarged ; nostrils well separated ; the posterior 

 slit-like ; scales small, those above lateral line arranged in very oblique 

 series, those below in rows nearly horizontal ; cheeks with 5 or 6 rows 

 of scales, about two rows on interopercle ; temporal region with 2 or 

 3 series of large scales, before and behind which are many small 

 scales ; top of head, snout, and jaws naked ; bases of soft dorsal and 

 anal scaly. Dorsal spines rather long and slender, the fin not deeply 

 emarginate, fifth spine longest, 2f in head; tenth spine 3^ ; soft 

 dorsal and anal similar, their margins nearly straight, the last rays 

 slightly shortened, median rays about 3 in head ; caudal fin long, 

 very deeply forked, the upper lobe longest, 3 times as long as middle 

 rays, which are 2)4 in head; pectorals long and slender, reaching 

 vent, \yi in head ; ventrals 1± in head ; anal spines rather weak, the 

 third Yi longer than second, 4 in head. Color in life, olivaceous 

 above, rather pale, and somewhat violet tinged ; a number of large, 

 irregular deep yellow blotches on sides of back ; a deep yellow 

 stripe from tip of snout straight through eye to caudal peduncle, 

 there broadening and including all of tail above lateral line and 

 behind dorsal fin ; above this is a pearly-purplish area ; below it a 

 flesh-colored or rosy area or band, 2 scales broad, then a succession 

 of about 16 narrow streaks alternating flesh-color and yellow, growing 

 fainter progressively below ; the yellow on the edges of the scales, 

 the reddish on their middles ; iris fiery red ; lower parts of head 

 flesh-color with some yellow spots ; maxillary mostly yellow ; caudal 

 deep yellow, its edges reddish ; dorsal chiefly yellow ; anal faintly 

 yellow ; ventrals and pectorals translucent. In spirits, all the mark- 

 ings fade, leaving the fins yellowish, the upper parts grayish, the 



