WILD FLOWERS OF NKW YORK 89 



Sandal\(rood Family 



S a n t a 1 a c c a c 

 Bastard Toadflax 



Coiiiaiidrd nmhdlata (Linnaeus) Nuttall 



Plate 28b 



Stems numerous from a horizontal, branching rootstock, said to be 

 parasitic on the roots of adjacent herbs, 6 to i8 inches tall, usually branched 

 and very leafy. Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, pale green, pointed 

 at each end, sessile, one-half to i\ inches long, the lower ones smaller. 

 Flowers numerovts in terminal cymes, corymbose at the summit of the stem, 

 or also axillary, their branches divergent or ascending, greenish white, 

 white, or purplish, about one-fifth of an inch long, calyx usually five-lobed, 

 corolla none. Fruit a globose drupe about one-fourth of an inch in 

 diameter, crowned by the upper part of the calyx tube and its five oblong 

 lobes. 



\n dry fields and thickets, especially sandy soil, Cape Breton Island to 

 Ontario and Assiniboia, south to Georgia, Kansas and Arkansas. At 

 Bergen swamp in Genesee county, New York, it grows in an open marl 

 bog, which, however, is dry in certain seasons, in company with Arethusa 

 b u 1 b o s a, C y p r i p e d i u m c a n d i d u m, S c i r p u s c a e s p i t o s u s , 

 A n t i c 1 e a c h 1 o r a n t h a, T r i a n t h a g 1 u t i n o s a, vS o 1 i d a g o hough- 

 tonii, and other bog plants, a habitat most unusual for this species. 



Birth-wort Family 



A r i s t o 1 o c h i a c e a e 

 Wild or Indian Ginger 



Astintiu auiadciisc Linnaeus 



Platf .16 



Leaves clustered in pairs from a slender, branching, aromatic root- 

 stock, having the flavor of ginger. Leaf blades long petioled, reniform, 

 thin, short pointed at the apex, 3 to 7 inches broad, dark green, the base 



