140 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



pedicels glabrous or nearly so; calyx lobes glandular; petals five, concave, 

 white or tinged with pink, spreading; stamens numerous, filaments rose- 

 colored to white; anthers black or dark red. Fruit globose or oval, nearly 

 black, or ptirplish black, aboiit one-quarter of an inch in diameter. 



In low grounds, swamps or open woods, sometimes in drier situations, 

 Nova Scotia to western Ontario, south to Florida and Michigan. Flowers 

 in April and May. Fruit ripe in August and September. 



The Red Chokeberry (A. arbutifolia (Linnaeus) Elliott) has the 

 cymes and lower surface of the leaves woolly and the mature fruit is bright 

 red. The Purple-fruited Chokeberry (A. atropurpurea Britton) also 

 has the cymes and lower leaf surfaces woolly but the mature fruit is 

 purple-black. 



Senna Family 



Caesalpiniaceae 

 Wild or American Senna 



Cassia marilandica Linnaeus 



Plate 104 



Stems 3 to 7 feet high, sparingly branched or simple, glabrous or w'ith 

 scant pubescence, from a perennial root. Leaves evenly pinnate, not 

 sensitive to the touch, petioled and with a club-shaped gland near the base 

 of the petiole; leaflets twelve to twenty, oblong, blunt but mucronate at the 

 apex, rounded at the base, ciliate, i to 2 inches long, one-fourth to two- 

 thirds of an inch wide. Flowers yellow, about two-thirds to three-fourths 

 of an inch broad, numerous, in pubescent axillary racemes on the upper 

 part of the plant. Calyx lobes five, nearly equal, ovate or oblong, obtuse; 

 corolla nearly regular, of five spreading, nearly equal, clawed petals; 

 stamens ten, the upper three imperfect. Fruit a flat linear pod, 3 to 4 

 inches long and about one-fourth of an inch wide, curved, pubescent, con- 

 taining flat, suborbicular seeds. The segments of the pod are about as 

 long as broad. 



In moist meadows, marshes and swamps, sometimes on springy hill- 

 sides, Massachvisctts to central New York, Ohio, Tennessee and North 



