3 8o 



speaking it has been found that the apple is introduced into regions 

 ol new conditions only as new varieties have been created to suit 

 those conditions. Practically all of the apples grown in the eastern 

 states today are of varieties that were created there and the same 

 condition is being found true in the Northwest. Aside from the 

 Russian apples that were created under conditions similar to our 

 own the only possible apples with us are those like the Lyman's 

 Prolific, Wealthy, Patten's Greening, etc., apples that originated 

 in the northwest. 



While the development of new varieties is a thing apart 

 from apple culture as generally understood, yet in a new country 

 where apple growing is more or less uncertain because of the ab- 

 sence of thoroughly hardy varieties all who are interested in the 

 development of the apple industry will be planting apple seeds 

 from time to time. In ten years most of the trees thus produced 

 will be bearing fruit. There were exhibited at Minneapolis last 

 fall over one hundred seedling apples, many of them of high 

 quality, all grown from apple seeds planted ten years ago. 



At the same time, it is possible to accomplish something with 

 the varieties in existence. Crabs and hybrids of the folowing varie- 

 ties have been found suitable for growing in the Northwest: Vir- 

 ginia, Whitney, Early Strawberry, Minnesota, Gideon No. 6, Flor- 

 ence and Lyman's Prolific. 



Among apples suited for the same region are the Duchess, 

 Hibernal, Charlamoff, Patten's Greening, Wealthy and Malinda. 



Apples in this region seem to succeed better if the trees are 

 headed very low, those heading right at the ground after the original 

 tree had killed back often proving the most profitable trees. Where 

 the soil will admit it it is advisable to plant the trees from six 

 inches to a foot deeper than they grew in the nursery. Trees thus 

 planted naturally grow a little slower and ripen their wood better 

 thus possibly reducing the danger of blight and winter killing 

 and at the same time they are less affected drouth. 



Ordinary varieties may be planted about twelve by sixteen 

 feet apart or if they have good shelter and rich soil, sixteen by 

 twenty feet. It is not wise to try and grow apples without a 

 good shelter belt on the south and west. This may be planted 

 at the time the trees are set. It is a poor plan to buy large trees. 

 They cost more and are worth less for the planter. It is better 

 to buy two year old trees or even root grafts. When one does not 

 feel tike investing much money in apple trees he can buy root 

 grafts of the best varieties for three or four cents each that will 

 make him as good trees in eight or ten years as he would obtain 



