14 WOODY PLANTS OF MANHATTAN 



P. VIRGINIANA, L Spec. 1758. Choke-Cherry. 



Twigs rather large; leaf-scars more or less triangular, comparatively 

 .small, sometimes with only one bundle-scar. Buds pointed; scales five or 

 six, glabrous, obtuse. A shrub or small tree rare in thickets. 



24 RUBUS, Tourn. Inst. 1700; L Spec. 1753. 



Declining sufrruticose plants, with biennial or short lived perennial 

 canes, armed with recurved prickles, five-ranked leaf-scars and three bun- 

 dle-scars. 



Twigs glaucous, cylindrical R. occidental^. 



Twigs not glaucous, five-ridged R villosux. 



R. OCCIDENTALIS, L. Spec. 1753. Black Raspberry. 



Pith yellow, cylindrical; twigs red-brown; leaf-scars crescent or 

 semicircular, considerably raised, the leaf frequently breaking away 

 irregularly, leaving a long stump without a distinct scar. Buds oblong 

 with several acutish scales more or less pubescent at apex. Common in 

 upland woods, along fences, etc. 



R. YILLOSUS, Ait. Hort. Kew. 1789. Blackberry. 



Pith greenish, five-rayed; twigs purple, glabrous; prickles from a flat- 

 tened base, sometimes straight; leaf-scars V-shaped, base of petiole often 

 persistent; buds conical, strongly divergent, single or two or three super- 

 posed, scales few, somewhat pubescent. Infrequent. 



25 ROSA, Tourn. Inst. 1700; L. Spec. 1753. 



Prickly shrubs with white pith, V-shaped leaf-scars and three bundle 

 scars. 



Twigs green; climbing R. setigera. 



Twigs red; a low shrub R. Arkanxana . 



R. SETIGERA, Michx Fl. 1803. Climbing Rose. 



Twigs green; prickles flattened, recurved above an oval, white, well 

 defined base; buds strongly divergent, oblong, obtuse, pink, scales two or 

 three. Rare. 



R. ARKANSANA, Porter, Fl. Colorado, 1874. Wild Rose. 



A low shrub, usually not more than two feet high, with slightly glau- 

 cous twigs, armed with straight prickles from an elliptical base; leaf- 

 scars very narrow, nearly half encircling the stem. Bud about 2 mm. 

 above the leaf-scar, with three or four red or black scales, pubescent at 

 tip. Common on prairie and open woods. 



26 PYRUS, Tourn. Inst. 1700; Spec. 1753. 



P. CORONARIA, L. Spec. 1753 Wild Crab-apple 



A small tree with red, glabrous twigs or in vigorous sprouts pubescent 

 at apex, five-ranked, very narrow, open V-shaped leaf-scars, three bun- 

 dle-scars and obsolete stipule-scars. Buds flattened, appressed, acutish; 



