104 Horticultural Department. [Bulletin 120 



CONIFERS. 



AUSTRIAN AND SCOTCH PINES. 



The opinions expressed in the Kansas Experiment Station Bulletin 

 No. 10, published by the Department of Horticulture and Entomology 

 in 1890, have been confirmed by observations made and notes taken 

 during the past thirteen years. 



There is no question as to the desirability of evergreen trees. 

 Whether studied from the standpoint of the landscape artist, of the 

 promoter who wishes to improve property for the increase of value, 

 or from the standpoint of the stock-feeder who realizes that wind- 

 breaks save corn, and corn is money, the evergreens are to be consid- 

 ered as among the most beautiful and useful trees. The success of 

 plantings made by the Kansas Agricultural College in various soils 

 and situations is most encouraging for tree-planters. 



While some notes upon the rate of growth may be of interest, the 

 full description and discussion of the species given in Bulletin 10 

 need not be repeated here. The suggestions given for transplanting 

 and cultivating may be indorsed and emphasized. Best success has 

 continued to be secured from settings made just before growth be- 

 gins, and clean, thorough cultivation has sufficed for good growth 

 with well-established trees. In some seasons, when extremely trying 

 weather has closely followed the time of planting, watering has been 

 very beneficial. In all cases when watering is done, it should be done 

 thoroughly, and the ground thoroughly soaked, and the surface culti- 

 vated as soon as the ground is sufficiently dry for working. 



The oldest pines growing on the College and Experiment Station 

 grounds are of mixed plantings of Scotch and Austrian, made in 1872 

 and 1873. Some of the trees were two and some three years old when 

 set. The trees were set in a nursery, the rows four feet apart and the 

 trees two feet apart in the row. Thinnings were made by transplant- 

 ing trees to other parts of the College grounds ; the trees now stand 

 at irregular distances from four to twelve feet apart. Some of the 

 trees transplanted from the College farm to other situations and better 

 soil have made better growth than those left in the row, but the larg^ 

 est pine trees on the grounds are those remaining where planted in 

 the nursery rows in rich alluvial soil. 



The mixed pine planting in 1872 was measured in the summer of 

 1896. The trees were those remaining where planted in the nursery 



