FORESTRY. 



- ^ t g K >TER I. 



3 5 I ~ 



. ^cooo'g * TREE ' 



g ^ g cc t, HH . ^k a gi n gi e stem 



< P -o co $ -to two or more main branches at 



Pt ^ p to" ^ '* d and takes on what is commonly 



W n c co ,1, 



^ ^ -3 co x; .2 ^ tree are stem ( commonly called 



O '3 15. T o 5 ots, buds, leaves, flowers, fruit 



H o a . < 



,s are made up of inner bark, outer 



a co ^ " '^' r ^ lie outer bark, sapwood and 



Q '3 05 10 " heartwood are made up of 



Q 'g Is ^ ^ 2 ^ concentric circles termed 



'fl S ^ .^1 annual rings. During each 



** sJ "5 <--.-* period of growth two new 



.5 xi ^ w ^ rings are formed one on 



the outside of the sap- 

 wood and another on the 

 j inside of the outer bark 



cc 3 f and as we seldom have 



more than one season of 

 growth each year but one 

 ring is formed on the wood 



L in a year; so that by count- 



ing the rings of wood in the 



i-i 6 ^ ^. _ ection of Woody Stem diagram showing (a) outer 



bark, (b) inner bark or bast, (c) cambium, (d, e, f, g and h) annual rings 

 of wood, and (/) pith. 



stem we can determine very closely the age of trees. In very 



