300 GLOSSARY. 



Simple. Composed of one part; not compound. 



Sinuate. Strongly wavy. 



Sinus. An indentation. 



Solar Pit. (Fig. 16.) 



Spatulate. Shaped like a spatula; broadly rounded at the apex; 



tapering toward the base. 

 Species. A division of a genus, the plants of which seern to be 



derived from an immediate common ancestor. 

 Specific gravity. Weight compared with distilled water at 4 degrees 



Centigrade. Where used here with reference to wood it refers 



to absolutely dry wood unless otherwise noted. 

 Spike. A simple dense raceme-like inflorescence with flowers sessile 



or nearly so. 

 Spore. A reproductive body, commonly applied to those borne by 



plants that do not produce seed. Analogous but not homolo- 

 gous to a seed. 



Stamen. Pollen-bearing organ of a flower. 

 Staminate. Said of flowers bearing stamens, but no pistils. Often 



used synonymously with male. 

 Stem. The main axis or one of the main axes of a plant. It may be 



underground or aerial. Commonly used in place of petiole, 



pedicel and peduncle. 



Sterile. Not fertile; not able to reproduce. 

 Stigma. The part of the pistil upon which the pollen falls and 



germinates. 

 Stipule. A leaf appendage at the base of the blade or petiole; not 



always present, (e. g. Black Willow.) 

 Stock plants. Plants used to propagate from. 

 Stoma. (pi. Stomata) Breathing pores of leaves. 

 Stratification. A method of storing seeds with alternate layers of 



some other material as sand or leaves. (Page 83.) 

 Strotnlux or Strobile. A cone. (e. g. Pine, Lycopodium.) 

 Stumpage. The standing timber. 



Style. The stalk, if present, that joins the stigma to the ovary. 

 Sucker. A shoot from an underground root or stem; often applied to 



an adventitious shoot above ground. 

 Sunscald. (Page 118.) 

 Superior. Applied to ovary when attached on a level or above th-d 



other parts of the flower, (e. g. Ohio Buckeye.) 

 Tangential sawing. The common way of cutting logs by which *,he 



boards on each side of the center board are sawed by a cut 



that is tangent to the annual rings. This method serves to 



bring out the grain of wood most conspicuously. 

 Tap-root. A central root running deep into the soil. 



