PLATF. IV. 



CHAKA- 



'continued. 



Fig. 1. PoKTioN or Leap. Showing — 



Autheridium, male organ, or globule. 



Carpogonium, female organ, nucule, sporangium, or spore-fruit (Or. spora, a. seed; twgeion, a. 

 vessel). 

 Fiu. 2. The Antheeidium dissected. Showing — 

 a. Shield. 



Manu'brium (L. a handle). 



Capitulum (L. a little head) (blue). 



Secondary capitula (blue). Not named on drawing. 



Filaments. 

 h. Portion of filament, with a spermatozoid in each of its cells, 

 c. A liberated spermatozoid, with two long cilia. 

 Fio. 3. The Caepogonium ou Nucule — 



Central cell. 



Twisted filaments, quite diflereut from the filaments of the antheridium. 



The one-celled corona in Chara, and the two-celled corona in Nitella. 

 Fir.. 4. Development of the Caepogonium oe Spoee-feuit. Sectional view. 

 Fig. 5 and Diagram I. Showing Development of the Spoee, enclosed in sporocarp — 



Proembryo. 



Pseudo- whorl of leaves, with the Gliara in its axil. 



CLASSIFICATION OF CHARACE^. 



Kingdom — Plantai. 



Sub-Kingdom — Thallophyta (exceptional in having axis and appendages). 



Class — CarposporcK, because it has a sjiore fruit. 



Group — Alga;. 



Order — Characea?. 



Genera — Chara and Nitella. 



THE BRACKEN PERN. 



Fig. 1. Showing — 

 Leaves 



^Ru 

 ) Yo 

 ICr 

 I 01 



Rudimentary leaf, 

 oung leai'. 



Cut leaf. 



Old leaf. 



Underground stem or rhizome (Or. rlii::a, a root; omos, the same a.s) with its growing point, 

 liuots. 



