poison lying upon the upper side of the fohage. The 

 caterpillars of the white-marked tussock moth, on the 

 other hand, eat all the leaf, biting or gnawing out portions 

 between the veins and are therefore easily poisoned if 

 the spray is simply thrown upon the foliage. Certain 

 leaf miners such as the imported elm case-bearer, eat a 

 small hole through the leaf and then feed upon the tender 

 portions lying between the upper and the lower surface 

 and are therefore much more difficult to poison than 

 most leaf feeders. There are a large number of leaf 

 miners, usually not very injurious, which enter the leaf 

 through a minute hole and spend practically their entire 

 existence in the gallery or mine between the two surfaces 

 of the leaf. Some insects, like the hickory bark beetle, 

 pass the winter in the affected wood, and it is then easy 

 to cut and burn the trees which have been attacked 

 and thus kill the borers. We see from these few examples 

 that it is necessary to know what an insect does if we 

 would succeed in preventing injury to the thousands of 

 magnificent trees and shrubs adorning our streets, parks 

 and private grounds. 



E. P. Felt 



A'ezv York State Entomologist 



The sugar maple borer 



