42 FORESTS, WOODS, AND TREES 



is going to be created for supplies of timber in the distant 

 future. In this region, moreover, certain timber trees grow 

 fast, and surprising financial results have been obtained a 

 few miles off at Gairletter, on Loch Long. In 1912 a 

 plantation here of Douglas fir and Thuya, 35 years old, was 

 blown down (9). The timber amounted in volume to 

 7430 cubic feet per acre, and was sold in the very 

 accessible market of Glasgow for £130 per acre. 



NOTES 



1. Collected Papers by James Thomson, 464-472 (1912). 



2. The organised Playground Movement in the United States is about 30 

 years old. In 1912, 332 cities were conducting organised play under (jualified 

 play leaders, and 257 cities and towns were spending $3,500,000 a year on 

 the maintenance of playgrounds. In all those cities, places are set apart 

 where children can play under supervision, not mere school yards. The play 

 leaders are as a rule better paid than the school teachers, and constitute a 

 new and independent profession. At Chicago a Training School for play- 

 ground workers, at which 17 subjects are taught, was opened in 1911. A 

 Professor of Play was appointed at Pittsburgh University in 1910. The 

 effects of the movement on the moral and physical health of the population 

 are manifold and far-reaching. Tuberculosis is prevented by the pulling 

 down of tenement houses for the erection of children's playgrounds in the 

 congested areas. The effect of the organised play in increasing school 

 discipline and efficiency is well marked. There is a notable decrease in 

 school truancy and juvenile delinquency. The school curriculum has become 

 widened and carried a little into the open air. Children's gardens and 

 libraries founded by the playground associations have become school gardens 

 and libraries. See Iioard of Education, Educational Pamphlet, No. 27 (1913): 

 "The Playground Movement in America and its Relation to Public 

 Education " ; and City of Birmingham Parks Department, Re2)orts on 

 Organised Games, 1912, 1913, and 1914. 



3. I quote liere largely from papers furnished by the Metropolitan 

 Public Gardens Association, including their Annual Reports, an article in 

 Joiirn. Sanitarij List. xxiv. 604 (1903), and a paper read at Bradford in 

 1903. The history of the movement is described fully by Mr. Basil 

 Holmes in a paper entitled "Open Spaces, Gardens, and Recreation 

 Grounds," read before the Town Planning Conference, convened in London 

 by the Royal Institute of British Architects in October 1910. 



4. See Bazalgette, in Proc. Inst. Civil Engineers, vol. 76, p. 2 (1884). 



5. Though parks and gardens are a primary necessity for large towns, 

 yet their good inHuence is felt in small towns as well. See G. T. Hunt, 

 Borough Surveyor of Dorchester, " On the Provision and Laying out of 

 Pleasure Grounds in Small Towns," in Jonrn. Sanitary Inst. xxi. p. 113 

 (1900). 



6. Sir Gilbert Parker stated in 1910 that there is oidy one acre of open 

 space to 15,000 people in Shoreditch, and one acre to 14,000 people in 

 Southwark. 



