TKEES IN TOWNS 51 



oue-leaved ash (var. monoiJhyUa), are very distinct in appear- 

 ance, and may be admitted into town parks and gardens. 



The ordinary species of lime, which have the leaves 

 green on the under surface, namely, the common lime 

 {Tilia vulgaris), the large-leaved lime (Tilia platijphyllos), 

 and the small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata), are unsuitable 

 for the centre of towns, as they do not thrive in smoke 

 or drought. They are also objectionable in gardens, on 

 account of the viscid honeydew which is exuded by their 

 leaves. The silver limes, with leaves white beneath {Tilia 

 alba and Tilia petiolaris), have not been much used in 

 street planting ; but they would succeed much better than 

 the common species. 



The horse-chestnut, which is splendid in parks, is poor 

 in streets, where it grows badly, as a rule, on account of 

 the smoke and lack of moisture. As it conies early into 

 leaf it is occasionally cut by spring frosts, which impair 

 its vitality. Some people also object to its abundant fall 

 of buds and flowers in the spring and of leaves and fruits 

 in the autumn ; but such debris is readily removed. In 

 the streets of Paris the horse-chestnuts, which were formerly 

 very fine, appear now to suffer much from smoke, which 

 causes their leaves often to turn brown in summer and 

 to fall off prematurely. The red-flowering horse-chestnut 

 (Acscuhts carnea) is a smaller tree of hybrid origin, which 

 resists better unfavourable conditions of soil and atmosphere. 

 Compact in habit, and bearing attractive flowers freely at 

 an early age, it can be reconmiended for gardens in smoky 

 towns. It succeeds well in Kensington Gardens, London. 



Of the numerous species of maple, the best for planting 

 in towns is the Norway maple (Acer 'platanoidcs), as it does 

 not attain a very great size, is compact in form, is remark- 

 ably free from the attacks of insects or fungi, and withstands 

 smoke well. It comes into l)loom very early in the season, 

 the conspicuous greenish-yellow flowers anticipating the 

 leaves, whilst in autumn the foliage turns before falling 

 a brilliant yellow colour. It is much more attractive in 

 appearance than the sycamore or great maple (Acei- 2>sevdo- 



