No. 244.1 251 



gustus. Yes, Augustus! Augustus! echoes through the desolate 

 domes and colonades, the broken aqueducts, the decaying circus and 

 the desolate forum, along the banks of the Tiber, on the Flaminian 

 Way, in her havens and sanctuaries, which time has left to record her 

 former greatness. Augustus! Augustus! is still announced to the in- 

 quisitive traveller. And when the w^anderer from this continent crosses 

 the ocean and visits Britain, one of his earliest day dreams is gratified 

 by the indulgence of his reveries in the majestic aisles and cloisters 

 of the cathedra], in the romantic and awful solitudes of sacred edifi- 

 ces, where he is surrounded by the shrines of the sainted, and the 

 tombs of the renowned and venerable dead; and when he walks 

 through the time honored walls of abbeys, cathedrals and monaster- 

 ies, he resembles the traveller at Rome: he asks the origin of 

 these remnants of other days, but, instead of being reminded of some 

 mighty individual who was the master spirit of the awful scenery, 

 he is directed to a separate class, a distiid order of men. He may 

 go from Jarrow to the solemn fane of St. Cuthbert, till he arrive at 

 Tintern or Nebley, and in every case he will learn his indebtedness 

 for his raptures to the clergy of the olden time. Colleges, cathedrals, 

 hospitals and asylums were the work of their hands, the offspring of 

 their wealth; and we are astonished when we compare their immense 

 endowments with the pauperism and degradation of the popular 

 masses. 



The European traveller who lands in our country is astonished at 

 beholding the evidences of prosperity on our shores, rivalling the re- 

 finement and progress which he left behind him, and incapable of 

 forming opinions on a state of things so novel, he asks for the men 

 of wondrous wealth who control the actions of their fellow men, and 

 the great men who have wrought all these splendid appearances in- 

 to existence; but there are none to satisfy his curiosity; he is only 

 referred to the spirit, the energy, and intelligence of a free people; 

 they, the peonle — -the working people — the industrious handicraft 

 people — the laborious farming people — they, the well educated peo- 

 ple — they have performed the mighty transformation on this conti- 

 nent which has turned the wilderness into a fruitful field. This fair 

 city, the great heart of a mighty country, has been created by labor, 

 toil, virtue and intelligence. Our young people who now see New- 

 York have faint notions of how it has been made what it is. They 

 see the princely mansions, the splendid equipage and the aristocratic 

 family, but they do not know the hard work, and the long, long 

 years of persevering toil, which led to present appearances. I can 

 go back in recollection a quarter of a century, and I know how very 



