c 



This brought about a tremendous tobacco trade in- 

 crease in New York. Because of the Union blockade of 

 southern ports, New York City became a greater export 

 market for tobacco products and headquarters for Euro- 

 pean buyers, most of whom had done their previous 

 buying in New Orleans. 



Shortly after the end of the War, when normal trade 

 resumed, New York was receiving half the tobacco 

 grown in Virginia and North Carolina for redistribution 

 to wholesalers throughout the nation. Both foreign and 

 western United States trade settled in the New York 

 area. Just after the War, more than 80,000 hogsheads of 

 tobacco per year were shipped to New York City for 

 wholesale and retail use. 



igar making -historically independent 



Cigar making throughout the 19th and much of the 

 20th centuries was limited to the old hand rolling 

 method, and for years New York was the center of 

 this trade. 



Early types of cigars popular in the United States 

 were called "short sixties." Also popular were "long 

 nines" and "supers." Around the time of the War of 

 1812 "short sixties" were distributed gratis in taverns 

 and grogshops to steady customers— strangers could buy 

 them at two for a cent. Another saloon type was the 

 German or Belgian cigar. By mid-century import duties 

 were paid on over 100 million of this type in a single 

 year. The premium cigars of the day were Cuban and 

 imported in tremendous quantity, especially in the lat- 

 ter part of the 19th century. 



In 1880, New York City had 14,500 people working 

 in small cigar factories. In all of New England the num- 

 ber of persons making cigars came to only 2,300. New 

 York state made six times as many cigars as did all New 



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