36 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



thought of and which no good fruit grower thinks of setting. I 

 say, think of these things when beset by the tree agent to give an 

 extra price for some new variety which he will tell you not only 

 bears enormous crops ever}- \'ear, but will stand the coldest winter 

 ever known in Greenland. He will inform you that he has per- 

 chance a new variety- that has never been put upon the market before 

 and that he only sells to a few of the best orchardists, and that the 

 nurserymen that he represents, knowing j-our reputation as a fruit 

 grower, wished him to be sure and let you have a few, they being 

 lX)ssibly the only ones to be sold in town. We take the bait and 

 purchase, only to learn when too late that the same story had been told 

 to scores of others in our own neighborhood. In these and various 

 other ways, we multipl}' varieties much to our disadvantage. We 

 should study the characteristics of our soil, experiment carefuU}' 

 with new varieties known to be choice and profitable and when we 

 find one adapted to our soil and location make a specialty of it. 



I prefer good sized trees for setting, those from six to eight feet 

 in height. I am aware that the prevailing opinion is that small trees 

 are more likely to live than larger ones, but all should recollect that 

 youug trees have many enemies to contend with, consequently the 

 sooner you can get them out of the way of these enemies the better, 

 and when I mention among these enemies the borer, cattle, grass, 

 &c., I trust that every one that has set out an orchard and lost the 

 larger part of it will ask himself which of these enemies killed it? 

 or did all combine? Also did he not undertake to shield himself for 

 his neglect of these beautiful trees b}- cursing the New York apple 

 tree agent while the fault was his own. In the preparation of trees 

 for setting I would rather cut out branches entire to l)alance the 

 roots that have been cut off in taking up, than head in, as is recom- 

 mended b}- most wiiters, for the reason that the result ot heading in 

 is a thick top, the very thing you wish to avoid, rather as I said 

 trim out branches enough to make the top as small as desired. 



Set your trees leaning slightly to the south, for if perchance they 

 get inclined in the opposite direction they are sure to be spoiled by 

 what is known as "■ sun scald." This is caused by the sun striking 

 directly upon the trunk of the tree, thereby causing the bark to die 

 and peal off. So sure is this to occur that I thiuk it would be hard 

 to find a sound tree that had had a noithern inclination for any 

 length of time. 



