STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



55 



and withiu, thau to sit down to m}- writing table and guess at it. 

 So when I set out to stud\- the codling moth I determined to use my 

 eyes diligeuth', record what I saw, and defer theories till I had some 

 basis of facts on which to form them. 



To ascertain facts relating to the deposition of eggs and the career 

 of the worm while in the apple I took pains to examine critically 

 two hundred and one worm}' apples taken at sundry times from the 

 trees or from the ground, and note in the case of each one how 

 many worms had entered it, whether from the blossom end or side, 

 bow many still remained, to what extent the}- had mutilated the 

 specimen, and some other items. From the record of these obser- 

 vations I am able to draw some conclusions which will be presented 

 presently. As an example I will give the results of m}- observa- 

 tions on thirt3--seven wormy apples, mostly Baldwins, July 22. I 

 found that '6-i of them (= 1)2 per cent) had been entered bv worms 

 from the blossom end (calyx) only, 3 (=8 per cent) from the side 

 only ; 14 of them (= 38 per cent) had each one hole in the side ; 

 3 (= 8 per cent) had each two holes in the side, one had three 

 holes in the side, and the remaining I'J (= 51 per cent) were free 

 from an}- worm holes except those made b}' the worm entering 

 through the calyx; 31 of the specimens (=84 per cent) contained 

 each a single excavation, indicating that but a single worm had 

 entered each one, four of them had each two excavations and two 

 had three excavations each, the w-hole indicating that forty-five 

 worms had been at work in these thirtj'-seven apples. Tweut3'-five 

 worms in all were found still in the fruit, eighteen of the apples 

 containing one worm each, two containing two worms each, and a 

 single specimen containing three worms, thus it appears that twenty 

 worms had already crawled out of these apples or had died within, 

 without leaving any noticeable remains. Fifteen of the apples had 

 been abandoned by the worms, five of them being slightly mutilated, 

 seven much and three very much mutilated. In this wa\' all the 

 examinations were made. 



Being personal!}- unacquainted with the subject of my studies in 

 any Init the worm stage, I took measures to obtain an introduction to 

 the winged form by imprisoning some well grown worms and await- 

 ing their transformation. In this I was quite successful, and reared 

 a large number of moths. I alsp dabbled some with remedies, but 

 am sorry that I cannot form any certain conclusions as to llieir 

 etlicacy. 



