42 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETT. 



Mr. II. L. Leland. I reside on the cold line, and I tliiiik those 

 varieties where the buds are close together are hardier than where 

 they are wide apart. In our count}' the King of Tompliins is not a 

 hardy variet}'. 



Mr. Nelson. If the Baldwin is among our short-jointed trees why 

 is it a tender variety? 



Mr. D. J. BuiGGS. I wisli Mr. Bennoch had given us a little more 

 light on the apple maggot question. It is a very essential point. In 

 order to have fruit bring high prices it must be free from worms. I 

 put tarred paper around fifty pear and ninety Baldwin trees and in 

 one year I had lost ten of them. 



President Pope. "What was the cause? 



Mr. Briggs. I think it killed the bark as in removing the paper 

 the bark all came off. 



Dr. CusiiiNG. Did you bind the paper tight? 



Mr. Bkiggs. No, sir. I bound it quite loosely. I don't l)elieve 

 we should use it at all. 



President Pope. Were those trees an}- more exposed to the sun 

 than others in the orchard? 



Mr. BPtiGGS. Not any more than others. I set out two or three 

 hundred trees at the same time. 



Mr. W. H. Keith. I would like to bring up the subject of the 

 sorting of apples. Mr. Ricker, what do you consider a No. 1 apple? 



Mr. A. lliCKER. One with no worm holes in the apple, and no 

 appearance of any. 



Mr. Keith. How small size? 



Mr. Ricker. I can't tell, but if they are sound and not too small 

 I put them in. 



Mr. Keith. How many put their apples in bins? 



Mr. Ricker. Quite a number in our section ; most of them with- 

 out sorting. This is quite an essential point in regard to reputation. 

 We do not practice it, but always soi't them before we bin them. 



Mr. Briggs. Do you pick off from the tree? 



Mr. Ricker. Yes, and then sort on the ground. Of course there 

 will be some shrinkage. Baldwins shrink about one barrel in tifty, 

 and out of thirty- five barrels of Bellflowers I only lost aliout four 

 quarts. Both were binned in the same cellar. Perhaps my case in 

 sorting is dilferent from some others. I evaporate all No. 2 apples 

 and have bought No. 2 apples of my neiglibors to evaporate. I put 

 none but No. 1 apples in the cellar. I sort apples in the lall and if 



