52 STATE. POMOLOaiCAL SOCIETY. 



planted out in orchards, as if they had been grafted into trees of 

 good size, previously planted in the orchard. Among such may 

 be named Red Astrachau, Northern Spy and Blue Pearmain — 

 Winthrop Greening, Bellflower, &c. 



3d. Experience has also shown that some varieties, such as 

 Smokehouse, William's Favorite, Garden Royal, and others which 

 are very desirable in respect to quality of fruit, when grafted in 

 the nursery grow either so slowly or so feebly, or make so ill- 

 formed a top, that nurserymen will not propagate them, both be- 

 cause they cost too much, and are unsaleable to all except the few 

 who know how to appreciate them. Such trees often do well ulti- 

 mately, after being planted in the orchard. If such varieties be 

 grafted into grown trees in the orchard, however, well shaped and 

 productive trees are sooner and more cheaply obtained. 



4th. There are other varieties which, when grafted in the nur- 

 sery, grow vigorously and make handsome trees of marketable 

 size, but after planting out iij the orchard grow less vigorously, 

 and before long assume a partially stunted appearance. In order 

 to be brief, I will mention only one class more. There are some 

 kinds which possess decided points of merit, and would be exceed- 

 ingly valuable and wholly unobjectionable were it not that they 

 lack a sufficient degree of hardiness to enable them to endure our 

 climate without injury for a series of years. These grow well 

 when grafted in the nursery, and continue to grow well and to 

 bear well after planting in orchards, so long as the winters are not 

 too severe, or when planted in exceptionally favorable locations ; 

 but when a hard winter comes, in all except these favored loca- 

 tions they suffer severely. 



As a general rule these half hardy or three-quarter hardy sorts 

 may be grown successfully when grafted into established trees, 

 and in no other way. As a notable instance of this class I name 

 our best known and most generally popular winter apple, the 

 Baldwin. This gained its reputation among us by being grafted 

 into established trees ; and proof is abundant throughout the 

 length and breadth of the State that by no other method can it 

 retain that position. There are undoubtedly those who will deny 

 this, and point triumphantly to nursery grafted trees which have 

 endured twenty or thirty successive winters without injury. That 

 such instances exist is readily admitted. In some favorable loca- 

 tions I have seen hundreds of such, but if my own limited experi- 

 ence and tolerably wide observation furnish suflScient data to judge 



