80 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOOIETT. 



have a fair system of carriage from the West to the Atlantic sea- 

 board ; and when we have that, corn should be purchased and 

 brought to any station west of the Penobscot at a cost not exceed- 

 ing seventy cents a bushel, and thence down to fifty cents. Corn 

 at 70 cents is twenty-five dollars a ton. 



Now suppose the farmer in the autumn buys, at eight cents a 

 pound, unfatted steers weighing eight hundred pounds each. They 

 are led twenty weeks, each consuming a ton of hay and twenty 

 bushels of corn, and each gain two hundred pounds. 



Call the value of the hay $12 00 



The value of the corn at 10 cents is 14 00 



Forage consumed by each $26 00 



The improved condition enhances the price, and the steers are 

 now sold at ten cents a pound. 



Mr. Lawes of England, analyzed and experimented extensively 

 to ascertain the comparative value of manures from the consump- 

 tion of different kinds of food. His estimates of actual value prob- 

 ably approximate an accurate estimate of values with us. Accord- 

 ing to him the value of the manure resulting from the hay consumed 



is $6 43 



That for the corn 3 72 



Aggregate value $10 15 



The account then gives these results for a single animal : 



Cost of steer, 800 pounds at 8 cents $64 00 



Cost of forage consumed 26 00 



Whole cost of fatted steer $90 00 



Steer sold, l,000*pounds at 10 cents $100 00 



Manure as above 10 15 $110 15 



Balance of returns above cost $20 15 



To state economical results, the farmer is fully paid for his labor 

 and materials by the sales, and has the manure for clear profit 

 above all. In other words, the manure, ready to be removed to 

 the field, has cost him nothing. 



These hypothetical illustrations may be varied to adapt them to 

 all fluctuations and contingencies, and to the use of various other 

 kinds of forage, disclosing, under varying conditions, a range of 

 profits running down from $40 or $50 on a steer, to nothing. But 



