100 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



Bilken cerements which had held and enrapped it during its long 

 winter torpor and sleep. It escapes from the cocoon the latter 

 part of June and the first of July, and after meeting her mate, the 

 female flits from tree to tree during the night only, laying an egg 

 in the blossom end of one apple aiter another, just about the time 

 the blossoms are falling and the fruit is forming, and as each lays 

 from two hundred to three hundred eggs, she thus spoils as many 

 apples. 



In about ten days this egg hatches, producing a worm which 

 makes for the heart of the young fruit There it riots around the 

 core, causing perforations and excavations filled with its own 

 excrement. It takes about twenty to thirty days to attain its full 

 growth. It. has then changed color, and the head and cervical 

 shield, which were formerly black, have become brown. This 

 larv83 now issues from the fruit. It generally leaves the fruit 

 during. the night, either by letting itself down by a silken web, or 

 by crawling down the trunk of the tree — about one-half get to the 

 ground one way and half the other. Its object in descending is 

 to find some sheltered spot in which to spin its cocoon. Having 

 found this place, it begins to spin its cocoon, which it always 

 covers on the outside with the particles of the bark of the tree. 

 The normal spinning place is under the loose scales of the bark of 

 the tree, so that it is very difficult to find it. Within this cocoon 

 the larvse changes to a chrysalis. This stage lasts about twelve 

 days, during which time it remains without food or motion. The 

 chrj'salis is of a bright mahogany brown color, and has across each 

 of the rings of its hind-body two rows of prickles by the help of 

 which it works its way partly out of the cocoon, and gives forth 

 the moth. At first the wings are damp. You can see them expand 

 ' or grow. They are little pads when they first come out of the 

 chrysalis, but in the course of ten minutes they are fully expanded. 

 This moth is inconspicuous, because it is entirely nocturnal in its 

 habits. It is brown, has two large spots near the tips of the 

 wings of brown and of a metalic lustre and is very pretty." 



T. W. Harris, M. D., gives the following more full description 

 of the codling moth : " The fore-wings, when seen at a distance, 

 have somewhat the appearance of brown watered silk; when 

 closely examined they will be found to be crossed by numerous 

 gray and brown lines, scalloped like the plumage of a bird ; and 

 near the hind angle there is a large, oval, dark brown spot, the 

 edges of which are of a bright copper color. The head and thorax 

 are brown mingled with gray, and the hind-wings and abdomen 

 are light yellowish brown, with the lustre of satin. Its wings 

 expand three-quarters of an inch. This insect is readily distin- 

 guished from other moths by the large, oval, brown spot, edged 

 with copper color on the hinder margin of each of the fore wings." 



*"In this manner the transformations of this little moth are 



• Prof, RUey. 



