STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. IQl 



gone through ; those transformations which, from time immemo- 

 rial, have been looked upon as emblematic of man's immortality — 

 the grovelling worm representing our earthly condition. There 

 are two broods each year. This was long suspected by us in the 

 West, and I had the honor of demonstrating it. The moths of 

 the second brood pair as before and the female lays her eggs in 

 the calyx of the apples for a second generation of the worms ; and 

 hence much fruit will be found to be worm eaten in the autumu 

 and winter. 



1 will state the difference between the first and second broods. 

 In the first the egg state lasts about ten days, the larvaa state 

 about thirty days, the chrysalis state twelve to fourteen days. 

 The second brood, however, remains in the larvse state all through 

 the winter, no matter whether it leaves the fruit in August or 

 November. This fact I first recorded in this counti'y, not know- 

 ing that the same fact had been recorded by a French author in 

 1850, The larvae of the first brood frequently co-exist with those 

 of the second, thus the later individuals of the first brood will 

 be frequently found in the same apples as the earlier individuals 

 of the second. 



Now let us make a few practical suggestions. First, I will refer 

 to the direct killing of the insect. We can take advantage of the 

 larvse habit. You are all conversant with the different kinds of 

 bandages that have been employed for this purpose. The main 

 point 1 wish to convey is, that whatever bandage is used it should 

 be placed around the tree by the first of June, in this latitude, 

 Michigan ; or it may be delayed a little longer in the more north- 

 ern parts of the State with impunity ; but it is safe to have them 

 on by that time. They should be examined six or seven weeks 

 after the blossoms fall from the trees. They should then be ex- 

 amined four times, at intervals of ten days, and once after the 

 apples are all taken off the tree. 



Now with regard to the best kind of bandage — " Wier's apple- 

 worm trap." (This is a patented device, invented by D. B. Wier, 

 of Illinois, on trial by orchardists. This trap consists of two or 

 more pieces of shingle or thin boards fastened together at the 

 middle. One or more is fastened to the body of the tree by a nail 

 or screw.) "Fully resolved to test this trap thoroughly, in com- 

 parison with other methods of allurement, I commenced, (having 

 of course purchased the riglit to use), as early as the first of May 

 to prepare a number of trees, as follows: 1st. With Wier's trap 

 screwed on in different positions, some trees having single traps, 

 either on the north, south, east or west sides, and placed at differ- 

 ent heights from the ground, and some having as many as three 

 traps. 2d. Strips of old sacks, four inches wide, and lined on one 

 side with pieces of lath tacked on transversely, and at such dis- 

 tance from each other that when brought Around the tree they 

 formed an almost complete wooden ring. 3d. Bandages of various 

 kinds of rag or Cloth. 4th. Hay ropes. 5th. Paper bandages, 

 made of tlie cheapest kind of straw paper, folded several times, 

 and in widths varying from three to six inches. 



In order to insure the utmost accuracy, these several traps were 



