STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 35 



trees. The sap started in a warm time and caused the bark 

 to start, and I am of the opinion that sunscald is produced 

 somewhat by the starting of the sap prematurely. 



Mr. Saavyer. You mean too early in the spring? 



Answer. Yes. I have not put out many trees lately. 

 The few trees I have set I have raised myself, and I have a 

 few very good trees. I believe we can raise trees here as 

 well as anywhere, with proper care and labor. 



Question. You plant seedling trees ? 



Answer. Yes, sir, I prefer them. 



Question. What time of year do you prefer to cut scions ? 



Answer. I think it is best to cut them in the fall. 



Mr. Pike. There is a point introduced by Mr. Sawyer in 

 regard to cutting the large limbs, and the bark dying below 

 where the limb is taken oiF. I think that cannot be termed 

 sunscald, for in my experience you are as likely to have that 

 upon the north side as upon any other. 



Mr. Sawyer. I have not found it so. 



Mr. Pike. I have, and my experience is that when you 

 take oif one of these limbs the sap cannot flow ; there is 

 nothing to take the sap, so it runs through under the bark 

 and corrodes and kills the bark. 



The President. It is time to take up another subject, 

 but I wish to enquire in regard to the practice of orchardists, 

 whether they prefer to set seedlings Or trees grafted in the 

 nursery ? 



Mr. Atherton. I would like to have time for this subject 

 to be discussed more fully in regard to whether it is best to 

 graft in the stock or in the branches. I suppose this discus- 

 sion was drawn out by Dr. True's paper, and if I am not mis- 

 taken he alluded to the subject of grafting. Downing says, 

 I think, that the trees ought to be allowed to grow one year 

 before grafting them, but that it might be necessary in some 

 cases to graft in the same year that the tree was set. What 

 I am coming at is, whether it is better to graft in the limbs or 

 stock, for I am going to set more trees in the coming 

 spring. 



