STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 101 



orchards in Winthrop and in the towns in the Kennebec 

 valley. Undoubtedly the King Sweeting and many other 

 good varieties had their origin from this source. 



Now, then, we may all learn some lessons from the above 

 facts and history, that may serve to teach us not to plant our 

 nurseries with seeds from the pomace of refuse Baldwins and 

 like tender sorts, but from the hardiest, best winter varieties, 

 like the Northern Spy, Talman's Sweet, Yellow Bellflower, 

 &c., and then, if properly grown and suitably planted in 

 orchards, kept in garden culture and when large enough 

 grafted or budded in the branches with hardy, annual, winter 

 sorts, suitable for our markets and exportation, and annually 

 fed with elements suitable for growth and fruit, we shall have 

 success, and I think in no other way. 



I will only add, that we might experiment with scions 

 (taken from such nurseries as the above, grown from the best 

 hardy winter sorts) and graft with the scions a few stocks in 

 the tops of bearing trees whose fruit is not valuable, and thus 

 perhaps obtain valuable winter seedlings adapted to this State 

 and climate. The scions would dwarf and bear the second 

 year after grafting. — Originally published in the Elaine 

 Farmer. 



Essay on Forest Culture. 

 By a. W. Tinkham, North Monmouth. 



That the forests of the civilized world exert a powerful 

 influence on the climate, the fertility of the soil, the wealth 

 of the nations, the rain fall, and consequently on the health 

 of the inhabitants, is not a controverted point; and that but 

 little effort is made to restore them when destroyed, or pro- 

 tect those now remaining, is equally true. 



We have but to refer to the history of ancient nations, to 

 realize the direful effects attending the destruction of their 

 forests. Liebig, the celebrated German chemist, is of the 

 opinion that the decline of many of those nations is to be 



