112 Literary J^otices. 



in the former it amounts to one hundred and sixty millions, or more 

 than five times as much. 



The nations of the Eastern continent have pursued a much more 

 restricted system than has ever been ado|)ted in this, in relation to 

 foreii^n intercourse; and very generally jjiven to their own subjects, 

 almost the exclusive privilege of furnishing not only such products 

 of the soil and of manufactories as are required for home consump- 

 tion, but an amount of both sufficient to pay for the raw material to 

 import from other countries, as well as for all such other articles of 

 merchandize as are not indigenous, and do not come in competition 

 with those that can be su[)plied by native industry and skill. 



The statistical statements which are occasionally published by this 

 and the European governments, in relation to those subjects, furnish 

 the most ample elements for ascertaining the practical operation of 

 the systems of political economy which have been adopted on both 

 Bides of the Atlantic, 



The exports of Great Britain to France, in 1838, were valued at 

 £1,500,000, to Russia £1,700,000, and to all Europe but £24,000,000 

 sterling; while to the United States they exceeded $62,000,000. 

 Thus it appears that with less than a sixth of the population of 

 Russia, the exports to this country are more than seven times the 

 value of those sent to that empire, and amount to more than half of 

 the shipments to all the other continental nations, whose aggregate 

 population is two hundred and ten millions, or fourteen times that of 

 the United States; and when the value of British manufactures which 

 are consumed in Russia is but ten cents per head, it amounts to at 

 least five dollars for every soul in this country. 



The cotton exjjorted from this republic amounts to five hundred 

 and ninety-six millions of pounds, and is valued at $61,556,000; but 

 if it was manufactured previously to its being shipped, the products 

 would be worth $440,000,000, and thus cive an additional income to 

 the industry of the country of $378,000,000, which would be nearly 

 quadruple the amount of our whole exports of domestic products. 



Art. IV. Literarxj Notices. 



Landscape Gardening and Rural Architecture, illustrated with 

 many beautiful engravings, by A. J. Downing, Esq., is now in press, 

 and will be published in April. 



Lindley's Theory of Horticulture, with Notes, adapted to this coun- 

 try, by Mr. Downing, will also be published in the course of the 

 spring. 



Liebig^s Organic Chemistry , with Notes, by Dr. J. W. Webster, 

 of Cambridge, will be published in April or May. 



